Shah Wali Ullah translated the Holy Quran into Persian, producing a Persian-language rendition of the text.

Duplicate of Q108; retained for completeness.

The Strait of Hormuz, near Pakistani waters, is a key trade route (maritime studies).

In 2007, Hugo Chávez was serving as the President of Venezuela [1, p7]. He held this office from 1999 until his death in 2013.

While ethnic demographics in Afghanistan can be subject to varying estimates, Tajiks are generally considered the second-largest ethnic group after Pashtuns [2, p26]. They predominantly speak Dari (a dialect of Persian) and are concentrated in the northern and western regions of the country, as well as in urban centers like Kabul.

In 2009, Hu Jintao was the paramount leader of China. He held the key positions of General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (from 2002 to 2012) and President of the People's Republic of China (from 2003 to 2013). He also served as Chairman of the Central Military Commission (from 2004 to 2012) [2, p22].

As of early 2011, when this paper was likely set, Pakistan had served as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council six times. These terms were: 1952–1953, 1968–1969, 1976–1977, 1983–1984, 1993–1994, and 2003–20042. Pakistan was later elected for a seventh term (2012-2013).

Completed around 1010 CE by the poet Hakim Abul-Qasim Mansur (Ferdausi Tusi), the “Shahnameh” chronicles Persian legends and history from mythical times to the Arab conquest, preserving pre-Islamic Iranian culture.

Tokyo was awarded the 2020 Summer Olympics at the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires in 2013.

The Taliban established their political office in Doha, Qatar, in June 2013 to facilitate peace talks with international stakeholders.