During the reign of Al-Walid I, Muslim armies led by Tariq bin Ziyad (Spain) and Muhammad bin Qasim (Sindh) expanded the empire significantly.

It is claimed by China (Zhongsha) and Taiwan, and parts are contested by the Philippines.

Brunei historically claimed the Limbang district which divides the country in two, though the dispute was largely resolved in 2009.

The transfer sparked protests in Egypt, as many considered the islands Egyptian, though the government argued they were Saudi territory under Egyptian administration.

It provides the shortest maritime route between Europe and the lands lying around the Indian and western Pacific oceans.

Fukuyama argued that the end of the Cold War marked the endpoint of mankind's ideological evolution, a thesis largely contested by the rise of authoritarian powers in a multipolar world.

Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab attempted to detonate plastic explosives hidden in his underwear on Christmas Day 2009.

Hosni Mubarak was forced to resign in 2011 after massive protests in Tahrir Square.

It was a major UN climate change conference (COP15).

The movement began as a protest against fuel tax increases.