A UN resolution in 1981 established the International Day of Peace to coincide with the General Assembly’s opening. The first observance took place on the third Tuesday of September 21, 1982; from 2002 onward, September 21 became the permanent date. Since then, the day has been marked annually to promote ceasefires, non-violence, and global solidarity in pursuit of lasting peace.

Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan presented the Objectives Resolution to Pakistan’s Constituent Assembly on 12 March 1949, outlining the guiding principles of the new state.

María Corina Machado, a Venezuelan democratic opposition leader, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of her tireless, courageous, and non-violent struggle to defend democratic principles, human rights, and a peaceful transition to democracy in Venezuela against authoritarian rule.

English demographer and political economist Thomas Robert Malthus authored the famous treatise An Essay on the Principle of Population in 1798. He introduced the Malthusian theory, arguing that human population increases exponentially (geometrically) while food supply grows arithmetically, inevitably leading to famine, disease, and war unless checked.

“Pakistan: Political & Constitutional Engineering” is authored by Hasan Askari Rizvi, a noted political analyst and former caretaker chief minister of Punjab. [6](https://sangemeel.shop/products/pakistan-political-constitutional-engineering-hasan-askari-rizvi)

Ijma’a (“consensus”) in Islamic jurisprudence requires the unanimous agreement of qualified scholars on a legal ruling, making it a fully binding source of law. [4](https://www.aliftaa.jo/article-en/5858/Articles.aspx)

On 3 January 2002, Musharraf secured a vote of confidence from the National and Provincial assemblies.

PARCO constructed the Mahmoodkot-Faisalabad-Machhike (MFM) pipeline in 2002 to transport petroleum products from Karachi to northern Pakistan.

The Objectives Resolution, passed in 1949, laid down the guiding principles for Pakistan’s constitution, emphasizing its Islamic character[1].

The cardinal principles guiding Pakistan's foreign policy, anchored in national security doctrine and Article 40 of the Constitution of Pakistan, prioritize the defense and preservation of the country's national independence, state sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity.