A Circular Economy is a regenerative economic framework aimed at minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency by sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling existing materials and products for as long as possible, replacing the traditional linear "take-make-dispose" model.
42
Doha Forum is an annual global forum held in Doha that gathers world leaders, policymakers, civil-society representatives, business leaders, media etc. Doha Forum and Doha Dialogue are, hence:
The Doha Forum (established in 2000) is a broad, multifaceted global policy platform for high-level geopolitical, security, and economic discussions. The Doha Dialogue, by contrast, is a distinct inter-regional consultative framework specifically focused on labor mobility, migrant worker rights, and bilateral labor cooperation between Gulf/Arab destination nations and Asian origin countries.
43
The central idea of Anatol Lieven's book "Pakistan: A Hard Country" is:
In Pakistan: A Hard Country (2011), British academic and analyst Anatol Lieven contends that despite severe institutional, political, and economic vulnerabilities, Pakistan is not on the brink of collapse because its traditional social structures—especially kinship networks (biraderi), patronage systems, and deep-rooted community resilience—act as shock absorbers that hold the state and society together.
44
Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction is in vogue for 2015-2030.
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030) was adopted at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai, Japan, in March 2015. It succeeded the Hyogo Framework (2005–2015) and serves as the primary international roadmap for mitigating disaster risk, enhancing resilience, and reducing global disaster mortality.
45
On June 22, 2025, US B2 Bombers and Tomahawk missiles hit Iran's nuclear facility as part of:
Operation Midnight Hammer was the codename for the high-precision military strike conducted by the US military on June 22, 2025, utilizing USAF B-2 Spirit stealth bombers equipped with GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator (MOP) bunker-buster bombs along with submarine-launched Tomahawk cruise missiles to target fortified nuclear facilities at Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan.
46
In 2025, conflict between Thailand and Cambodia erupted on the issue of:
Diplomatic and political tensions between Thailand and Cambodia flared over overlapping territorial and maritime boundary claims in the Gulf of Thailand (specifically involving resource-rich offshore zones and the area around the island of Koh Kood governed under the 2001 Memorandum of Understanding).
María Corina Machado, a Venezuelan democratic opposition leader, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of her tireless, courageous, and non-violent struggle to defend democratic principles, human rights, and a peaceful transition to democracy in Venezuela against authoritarian rule.
48
What was the central agenda of Emmanuel Macron's 2025 visit to China?
French President Emmanuel Macron’s diplomatic visit to China focused primarily on addressing the widening European trade deficit with Beijing, securing fair market access for European companies, promoting economic "de-risking" without decoupling, and discussing cooperation on global economic governance and conflict de-escalation.
49
Saudi Arabia re-established its diplomatic relations with Iran on:
Saudi Arabia and Iran officially restored diplomatic ties on 10 March 2023. [13](https://pakmcqs.com/past-papers/css-past-papers-mcqs/css-current-affairs-past-paper-mcqs/css-2025-current-affairs-past-paper-mcqs/saudi-arabia-re-established-its-diplomatic-relations-with-iran-on)
50
British constitution can be amended through majority.
The UK’s uncodified constitution may be altered by a simple majority vote in Parliament rather than the two-third or three-fourth majorities used in rigid constitutions. [8](https://pakmcqs.com/past-papers/css-past-papers-mcqs/css-current-affairs-past-paper-mcqs/css-2025-current-affairs-past-paper-mcqs/british-constitution-can-be-amended-through--majority)
