Monsoons are seasonal wind reversals caused primarily by differential thermal heating between continental landmasses and surrounding oceans.

Geothermal, tidal, and biomass are all naturally replenished energy sources.

Slaughter fits because both words refer to the brutal killing of many people or animals, making them synonyms.

Slaughter is a direct synonym of massacre because both words mean the violent killing of many people or animals.

Fahameeda Mirza — she was elected Speaker of the National Assembly on 19 March 2008, becoming the first woman to hold that office.

The Indian Ocean is bounded by landmasses in the tropics and lacks polar connectivity to the north, making its surface temperatures the warmest on average.

The text explains that glaciers consist of fallen snow that compresses over years into large ice masses without fully melting.

In 2008, the 15th SAARC Summit was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Consequently, the Chairperson of SAARC for that period would have been the then President of Sri Lanka, Mahinda Rajapaksa [2, p3]. Sushil Koirala became Prime Minister of Nepal and chaired SAARC much later, in 2014. As Mahinda Rajapaksa is not listed, and the premise of Sushil Koirala chairing SAARC in 2008 is incorrect, "None of these" is the accurate answer for a 2008 paper. The PDF's answer (b) based on Koirala is anachronistic.

In 2008, Canada was the world's largest producer of uranium [2, p2]. It was followed by Kazakhstan and Australia. Kazakhstan subsequently surpassed Canada to become the leading global uranium producer in 2009. The PDF's listed answer was (d), but its own explanation supports Canada being the largest in 2008.

Around 2008, the United States was Pakistan's largest export partner [2, p1]. The U.S. market has traditionally been a major destination for Pakistani goods, especially textiles, apparel, and other manufactured items.