Hindko is a major language spoken in Pakistan’s Northern Areas, particularly in regions like Hazara and parts of Gilgit-Baltistan. It is an Indo-Aryan language closely related to Punjabi and is widely used in social and cultural contexts in these areas.

The SCO Summit 2024 was hosted in Islamabad, Pakistan.

Family is the primary institution where children first learn moral values, so option a is correct.

The Progressive Writers' Movement promoted socially engaged literature, addressing class, oppression and colonialism, and favored realism over elitist aesthetics.

Asrar-i-Khudi is Iqbal's major philosophical poem that systematically presents his concept of the self (Khudi).

Biradari denotes kinship/clan networks that play a central role in social support and influence political and community relations in Pakistan.

Ethnography involves prolonged participant observation and yields detailed qualitative insights into social meanings and practices.

Taboos are norms whose violation provokes the strongest moral outrage and sanctions because they involve deeply held prohibitions.

Herbert Blumer formulated and named symbolic interactionism, building on George Herbert Mead's ideas about the social self and interaction.

Marx argued that conflict between classes over material conditions drives historical change through contradictions in the mode of production.