#861

Who is the ruling party in the Punjab province of Pakistan following the 2024 elections?

(a) PTI

(b) PML-Q

(c) Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N)

(d) IPP

Explanation: The PML-N formed the government in Punjab after the 2024 elections, with Maryam Nawaz Sharif becoming the first female Chief Minister of the province.

#862

Which party serves as the main opposition in the Indian Lok Sabha (Lower House) as of 2024?

(a) Trinamool Congress

(b) Indian National Congress (INC)

(c) Aam Aadmi Party

(d) Samajwadi Party

Explanation: The Indian National Congress (INC), part of the INDIA bloc, serves as the primary opposition party. In 2024, they secured enough seats to officially claim the Leader of the Opposition post (Rahul Gandhi) after a decade-long gap.

#863

What is the status of the Awami League in Bangladesh as of late 2024?

(a) Ruling Party

(b) Ousted/Opposition

(c) Coalition Partner

(d) Interim Ruler

Explanation: Following the Student-People's uprising in August 2024, the Awami League government collapsed, and the party was ousted from power.

#864

In the Balochistan Assembly (Pakistan) post-2024, the government is a coalition primarily led by:

(a) JUI-F

(b) PPP and PML-N

(c) Balochistan National Party

(d) PTI

Explanation: The government in Balochistan is a coalition primarily involving the PPP and PML-N, with Sarfraz Bugti (PPP) elected as the Chief Minister.

#865

The 'African National Congress' (ANC) is the ruling party of which country, although it lost its absolute majority in 2024?

(a) Nigeria

(b) Kenya

(c) South Africa

(d) Zimbabwe

Explanation: The ANC has ruled South Africa since the end of apartheid in 1994. In the 2024 elections, it lost its absolute majority for the first time but remained the largest party and formed a Government of National Unity.

#866

Who assumed the office of the Secretary General of INTERPOL in November 2024, becoming the first representative from the developing world to hold this post?

(a) Jürgen Stock

(b) Ahmed Naser Al-Raisi

(c) Valdecy Urquiza

(d) Kim Jong Yang

Explanation: Valdecy Urquiza of Brazil took office as the Secretary General of INTERPOL on November 7, 2024, succeeding Jürgen Stock. He is the first person from outside Europe or the US to lead the organization.

#867

Who is the current President of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) serving the term from July 2024 to June 2026?

(a) T. Raja Kumar

(b) Elisa de Anda Madrazo

(c) Marcus Pleyer

(d) Xiangmin Liu

Explanation: Elisa de Anda Madrazo of Mexico assumed the presidency of the FATF on July 1, 2024, for a two-year term ending in June 2026.

#868

Which new fundamental right was guaranteed by the insertion of Article 9A in the Twenty-Sixth Amendment (2024)?

(a) Right to high-speed internet

(b) Right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment

(c) Right to own land

(d) Right to free healthcare

Explanation: The Twenty-Sixth Amendment inserted Article 9A, entitling every person to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment [36, 37]. This was identified in the Statement of Objects and Reasons as a necessary response to Pakistan being severely affected by climate change [38]. It is considered a 'need of the hour' for the nation [38].

#869

Which astronaut holds the record for the most total time spent in space (as of 2024)?

(a) Scott Kelly

(b) Oleg Kononenko

(c) Peggy Whitson

(d) Gennady Padalka

Explanation: Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko set a new world record in 2024 for the most cumulative time spent in space, surpassing the previous record of 878 days held by Gennady Padalka.

#870

At COP29 (Baku, 2024), parties agreed a new collective climate-finance goal of:

(a) t COP29 (Baku, 2024), parties agreed a new collective climate-finance goal of:

(b) USD 300 bn/yr by 2035

(c) USD 1.3 tn/yr by 2030

(d) USD 500 bn/yr by 2028

Explanation: COP29 concluded with agreement to triple the previous USD 100 bn pledge to USD 300 bn annually by 2035, alongside an ambition to mobilize USD 1.3 tn/yr from all sources by 2035. Many developing countries said the figure was still short of needs. ([UNFCCC](https://unfccc.int/news/cop29-un-climate-conference-agrees-to-triple-finance-to-developing-countries-protecting-lives-and?utm_source=chatgpt.com "COP29 UN Climate Conference Agrees to Triple Finance ..."))

#871

The EU Nature Restoration Law (2024) requires Member States to restore at least what share of land and sea by 2030?

(a) t least what share of land and sea by 2030?

(b) 15%

(c) 20%

(d) 30%

Explanation: The adopted regulation sets binding restoration targets—20% by 2030, with longer-term goals through 2040–2050—making it the first continent-wide law of its kind. ([IFAW](https://www.ifaw.org/international/journal/eu-nature-restoration-law-adopted?utm_source=chatgpt.com "EU Nature Restoration Law: Landmark legislation finally ..."))

#872

According to REN21’s 2025 Global Status Report, the world added roughly what amount of renewable power capacity in 2024 (record year)?

(a) ccording to REN21’s 2025 Global Status Report, the world added roughly what amount of renewable power capacity in 2024 (record year)?

(b) 420 GW

(c) 700+ GW

(d) 1,000 GW

Explanation: REN21 reports the largest annual increase to date—over 700 GW—signaling accelerating momentum for renewables worldwide. ([REN21](https://www.ren21.net/gsr-2025/downloads/pdf/go/GSR_2025_GO_2025_Full_Report.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "RENEWABLES 2025 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT"))

#873

IEA’s “Renewables 2024” projects annual renewable capacity additions will rise from ~666 GW in 2024 to nearly ______ by 2030 (main case).

(a) nnual renewable capacity additions will rise from ~666 GW in 2024 to nearly ______ by 2030 (main case).

(b) 850 GW

(c) 935 GW

(d) 1,100 GW

Explanation: Solar and wind dominate additions through 2030 due to cost advantages and policy support in most regions. ([IEA](https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2024/electricity?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Electricity – Renewables 2024 – Analysis - IEA"))

#874

At CBD COP16 (Cali, 2024), parties advanced benefit-sharing for:

(a) t CBD COP16 (Cali, 2024), parties advanced benefit-sharing for:

(b) Digital sequence information (DSI)

(c) Timber exports

(d) Mining royalties

Explanation: COP16 operationalized a global mechanism to share benefits from the use of DSI and expanded roles for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities; however, finance talks faltered. ([Convention on Biological Diversity](https://www.cbd.int/article/agreement-reached-cop-16?utm_source=chatgpt.com "COP 16 in Cali: progress towards making peace with nature"))

#875

Which statement best reflects 2024 energy-system trends summarized by IEA in 2025?

(a) Coal use surged globally in 2024

(b) est reflects 2024 energy-system trends summarized by IEA in 2025?

(c) Oil demand fell by 10% in 2024

(d) Nuclear generation collapsed in 2024

Explanation: IEA’s 2025 Global Energy Review covers 2024 data and confirms accelerating additions in renewables amid mixed fossil trends. ([IEA](https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-review-2025?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Global Energy Review 2025 – Analysis - IEA"))

#876

Which plastics-treaty issue most divided negotiators in 2024–2025?

(a) Banning all plastic bags

(b) Whether to cap plastic production and chemicals of concern

(c) Ocean cleanup technologies

(d) ivided negotiators in 2024–2025?

Explanation: A core split was upstream production limits versus focusing on waste management and design standards, contributing to Geneva’s collapse. ([IISD Earth Negotiations Bulletin](https://enb.iisd.org/plastic-pollution-marine-environment-negotiating-committee-inc5.2-summary?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Summary report 5–15 August 2025 - Earth Negotiations Bulletin"))

#877

Which of these is true of the Nature Restoration Law implementation outlook (2024–2025)?

(a) No binding targets exist

(b) Targets are advisory only

(c) Implementation by Member States is key to meeting 2030/2040/2050 milestones

(d) The law replaces all Natura 2000 sites

Explanation: Analysts emphasize that ambitious targets require robust national plans and funding to deliver real ecosystem recovery. ([CAN Europe](https://caneurope.org/content/uploads/2024/09/Nature-Restoration-Law-Essential-Progress-in-Biodiversity-and-Climate-Action-Implementation-will-be-key-v2-1.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Nature Restoration Law: Essential Progress in Biodiversity ..."))

#878

In the IEA Renewables 2024 outlook, which technologies account for ~95% of additions to 2030?

(a) ccount for ~95% of additions to 2030?

(b) Solar PV + wind

(c) Geothermal + marine

(d) Nuclear + CCS

Explanation: Their cost competitiveness and scale underpin the forecast expansion. ([IEA](https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2024/electricity?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Electricity – Renewables 2024 – Analysis - IEA"))

#879

Which sphere saw record renewable additions in 2024 per REN21 GSR 2025?

(a) dditions in 2024 per REN21 GSR 2025?

(b) Power sector

(c) Transport only

(d) None—additions fell

Explanation: The >700 GW added were overwhelmingly in electricity generation capacity. ([REN21](https://www.ren21.net/gsr-2025/downloads/pdf/go/GSR_2025_GO_2025_Full_Report.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "RENEWABLES 2025 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT"))

#880

On October 19, 1900, the Governor debarred Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk from using his official title for what reason?

(a) Financial corruption

(b) Supporting the Indian National Congress

(c) Staunch support for Urdu against government orders

(d) Leading a violent riot

Explanation: Governor Anthony MacDonald was so displeased by Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk's leadership of the Urdu Defence Association that he threatened to withdraw his pension and debarred him from using his title to pressure him into stopping the agitation.

October 2024 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions