#921

Which company's 'Dream Chaser' spaceplane was preparing for its first mission to the ISS in the 2025 timeframe?

(a) Boeing

(b) Sierra Space

(c) Northrop Grumman

(d) Virgin Galactic

Explanation: Sierra Space is the developer of the Dream Chaser, a reusable lifting-body spaceplane designed to transport cargo to the ISS.

#922

The United Nations designated 2025 as the International Year of which environmental feature?

(a) Coral Reefs

(b) Glaciers' Preservation

(c) Tropical Forests

(d) Sustainable Wetlands

Explanation: The UN General Assembly declared 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers' Preservation to raise awareness about the rapid melting of glaciers and its impact on water security.

#923

Which Brazilian city was selected to host the landmark COP30 climate summit in November 2025?

(a) Rio de Janeiro

(b) São Paulo

(c) Belém

(d) Brasília

Explanation: Belém, a city located at the gateway to the Amazon rainforest, was selected to host COP30 in 2025, highlighting the critical importance of protecting the Amazon biome.

#924

What significant milestone for renewable energy was projected by the International Energy Agency (IEA) to occur in 2025?

(a) Solar energy becoming the largest source of electricity

(b) Renewables overtaking coal as the largest source of global electricity generation

(c) Wind power surpassing nuclear energy globally

(d) Hydroelectric power doubling its capacity

Explanation: The IEA projected that renewable energy sources would overtake coal to become the largest source of global electricity generation by early 2025, marking a historic shift in the energy sector.

#925

In 2025, Pakistan's Ministry of Climate Change focused heavily on demanding what type of financial support at global forums?

(a) High-interest loans

(b) Grant-based climate financing

(c) Private equity investments

(d) Crypto-currency donations

Explanation: Pakistan consistently demanded 'grant-based' climate financing rather than loans, arguing that vulnerable nations should not incur more debt to pay for climate disasters they did not cause.

#926

What was the theme of World Wildlife Day 2025?

(a) Recovering Key Species

(b) Wildlife Conservation Finance: Investing in People and Planet

(c) Life Below Water

(d) Forests and Livelihoods

Explanation: The theme for World Wildlife Day 2025 was 'Wildlife Conservation Finance: Investing in People and Planet,' highlighting the need for innovative funding solutions to protect biodiversity.

#927

Which country launched the 'International Big Cat Alliance' (IBCA) which gained further traction in 2024/2025?

(a) South Africa

(b) India

(c) Brazil

(d) Kenya

Explanation: India launched the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) to conserve seven big cat species. The initiative continued to gather international support and members throughout 2024 and 2025.

#928

What major air quality issue did Lahore and New Delhi face in November 2024 and 2025, reaching hazardous levels?

(a) Sandstorms

(b) Smog

(c) Acid Rain

(d) Ozone depletion

Explanation: Both Lahore and New Delhi experienced record-breaking smog levels in November 2024 and again in 2025, driven by crop burning, vehicular emissions, and stagnant weather conditions.

#929

In 2025, which region was highlighted by the WMO as heating up faster than the global average?

(a) Europe

(b) Antarctica only

(c) The Arctic

(d) Central Africa

Explanation: WMO reports have consistently highlighted that Europe is the fastest-warming continent, heating up at twice the global average rate since the 1980s.

#930

Which invasive species continued to be a major threat to the Indus River ecosystem in 2025?

(a) Water Hyacinth

(b) Cane Toad

(c) Lionfish

(d) Zebra Mussel

Explanation: Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) remains a persistent invasive species in Pakistan's waterways, including the Indus basin, clogging canals and affecting aquatic life.

#931

In November 2025, Pakistan used 'Artificial Rain' technology to combat smog in which city?

(a) Karachi

(b) Lahore

(c) Islamabad

(d) Peshawar

Explanation: Following successful trials in previous years, the Punjab government again utilized artificial rain (cloud seeding) in November 2025 to temporarily reduce hazardous smog levels in Lahore.

#932

Which major river basin in South America experienced a historic drought in 2024/2025?

(a) Orinoco

(b) Amazon

(c) Paraná

(d) Magdalena

Explanation: The Amazon River basin faced an unprecedented drought in 2024 and 2025, with water levels dropping to record lows, isolating communities and killing freshwater dolphins.

#933

Which country is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in absolute terms as of 2025?

(a) USA

(b) India

(c) China

(d) Russia

Explanation: China remains the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases in absolute terms, although its per capita emissions are lower than those of the United States.

#934

In 2025, the 'EU Deforestation Regulation' (EUDR) faced debates regarding its implementation. What does it target?

(a) Banning all paper products

(b) Prohibiting imports of commodities linked to deforestation (coffee, cocoa, soy, etc.)

(c) Stopping forest fires in Europe

(d) Planting trees in the Sahara

Explanation: The EUDR aims to ban the import of commodities like coffee, cocoa, soy, palm oil, and beef into the EU if they are produced on land that was deforested after December 2020.

#935

In 2025, which sector was identified as the fastest-growing source of greenhouse gas emissions globally?

(a) Agriculture

(b) Aviation and Shipping

(c) Textiles

(d) Forestry

Explanation: The international transport sector, specifically aviation and shipping, continues to be identified as one of the fastest-growing sources of emissions, with hard-to-abate challenges.

#936

Which major joint satellite mission between NASA and ISRO was launched in July 2025 to monitor Earth's changing ecosystems and ice masses?

(a) Gagan-1

(b) NISAR

(c) Artemis III

(d) Trishna

Explanation: The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission was launched in July 2025. It is a joint project to co-develop and launch a dual-frequency synthetic aperture radar satellite for observing Earth's complex processes.

#937

In November 2025, ISRO launched which communication satellite using the LVM3 launch vehicle?

(a) CMS-03

(b) GSAT-24

(c) INSAT-4B

(d) RISAT-2

Explanation: ISRO launched the CMS-03 communication satellite on November 2, 2025, using the LVM3-M5 vehicle, aimed at enhancing communication capabilities.

#938

Which operating system, released by Google in June 2025, introduced 'Desktop Windowing' for tablets to improve multitasking?

(a) Android 15

(b) Android 16

(c) ChromeOS 12

(d) Fuchsia OS

Explanation: Android 16 was officially released in June 2025. One of its key features for tablets and large screens is 'Desktop Windowing,' allowing users to run multiple apps in resizable windows similar to a desktop environment.

#939

What is the name of the new digital identity initiative launched by NADRA in 2025 that allows Pakistani citizens to store their ID on mobile phones?

(a) Pak-Identity Plus

(b) NADRA Digital ID

(c) E-Citizen Pak

(d) Smart CNIC App

Explanation: In 2025, NADRA introduced the 'NADRA Digital ID' (via the Pak ID app), allowing citizens to carry a secure digital version of their CNIC on their smartphones for verification and services.

#940

Which viral social media app, popular among Gen Z in 2025, is described as a 'mashup of Twitter and Myspace' with customizable text-based profiles?

(a) BeReal

(b) Noplace

(c) Ten Ten

(d) Lemon8

Explanation: Noplace became a viral sensation in 2025, appealing to Gen Z with its colorful, customizable text-based profiles and a focus on social updates, drawing comparisons to a mix of Twitter and Myspace.

July 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions