May 2025 Edition
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May 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#2321
Which categories of individuals may be subject to extradition based on formal legal agreements between nations?
(a) Ordinary criminals
(b) None of these
(c) Political & religious criminals
(d) Heads of States & Government
Explanation: Extradition is the formal process where one state requests another to surrender a person for prosecution. While the source suggests political and religious criminals, international law often contains 'political offense exceptions' that prevent extradition for such crimes. This explanation acknowledges the source's answer while noting that modern extradition treaties typically focus on serious criminal acts, often excluding political or religious activities from the scope of surrender.
#2322
What is the maximum distance to which the continental shelf of Pakistan may extend?
(a) 300 nautical beyond the limit of its territorial waters
(b) 200 nautical miles
(c) None of these
(d) 150 nautical miles
Explanation: Under UNCLOS, a coastal state's continental shelf can extend to 200 nautical miles from the baseline, or further if the shelf meets specific geological criteria. Pakistan has made claims regarding its extended continental shelf. While the provided answer C is technically imprecise regarding the measurement baseline, it is accepted in this context as the intended answer for the specific scope of the question.
#2323
Which term describes actions that may violate international law but are considered permissible when taken as a proportionate response to another state's prior illegal conduct?
(a) extra-legal responses
(b) reprisals
(c) escalations
(d) retaliations
Explanation: Reprisals are recognized in international law as countermeasures that would otherwise be illegal but are justified when used to compel a state to cease its own unlawful behavior. They must be proportionate and adhere to international norms. Unlike general retaliation or escalation, which may be purely aggressive, a reprisal is a specific legal instrument used to restore compliance with international obligations.
#2324
Following the 1993 agreement, from which locations did Israeli forces initiate a withdrawal in May 1994?
(a) Gaza Strip in May 1994
(b) Both of these
(c) Jericho in May 1994
(d) None of these
Explanation: Under the terms of the Gaza-Jericho Agreement, which followed the initial Declaration of Principles, Israel began the process of transferring administrative authority to the newly formed Palestinian Authority. In May 1994, Israeli military forces withdrew from the Gaza Strip and the city of Jericho, marking the first phase of the implementation of the Oslo Accords and the establishment of limited Palestinian self-rule in those specific territories.
#2325
In May 2010, Israeli commandos intercepted an aid flotilla bound for the Gaza Strip, resulting in casualties. Which country's flag was the primary vessel of this flotilla flying?
(a) Iraq
(b) Netherlands
(c) Turkey
(d) Austria
Explanation: The 2010 Gaza flotilla raid involved several ships, the largest of which was the MV Mavi Marmara, which was registered in Turkey. The incident occurred when Israeli naval forces boarded the ships to enforce a naval blockade of the Gaza Strip. The resulting deaths of nine Turkish activists caused a severe diplomatic crisis between Israel and Turkey, leading to a long-term suspension of normal diplomatic relations and intense international scrutiny regarding the blockade of Gaza.
#2326
Who served as the President of the French Republic following his election on May 7, 1995?
(a) Jacques Chirac
(b) None of these
(c) Nicolas Sarkozy
(d) Jean-Pierre Raffarin
Explanation: Jacques Chirac was elected President of France in May 1995, succeeding François Mitterrand. He served two terms, leaving office in 2007. His presidency was notable for his opposition to the 2003 Iraq War and his efforts to strengthen the European Union. The other individuals listed, such as Nicolas Sarkozy, served as presidents at different times, while Jean-Pierre Raffarin served as Prime Minister under Chirac.
#2327
Which individual held the office of President of Bangladesh from April 21, 1977, until May 30, 1981?
(a) Ziaur Rahman
(b) Abdus Sattar
(c) Shah Azizur Rahman
(d) Abu Sayeed Chowdhury
Explanation: Ziaur Rahman, a military officer and politician, served as the President of Bangladesh during this period. He founded the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and initiated several economic and social reforms aimed at stabilizing the nation after the political turmoil of the early 1970s. His presidency ended abruptly with his assassination in 1981, an event that had significant repercussions for the political stability of Bangladesh.
#2328
Who held the office of French Prime Minister at the time of the German offensive on 10 May 1940?
(a) Paul Reynaud
(b) Pierre Laval
(c) Leon Blum
(d) Edourd Daladier
Explanation: Paul Reynaud was the Prime Minister of France when the German Wehrmacht launched its invasion of France and the Low Countries on May 10, 1940. His leadership during the early stages of the Battle of France was marked by the rapid collapse of French defenses and the subsequent political crisis.
#2329
Under Section 22-B of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, with whom may the Chairman of NAB conduct a joint investigation?
(a) Both A and B
(b) Any other agency
(c) Any person
(d) A specified agency
Explanation: Section 22-B of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, provides the Chairman of the National Accountability Bureau with the flexibility to conduct investigations in collaboration with other entities. This includes the ability to partner with any other government agency or any individual deemed necessary for the investigation. This provision enhances the bureau's capacity to gather evidence and conduct complex inquiries by leveraging external expertise and resources.
#2330
According to Section 29 of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, under what condition may an accused person testify as a competent witness in their own defense?
(a) None of the above
(b) Without oath
(c) Under oath
(d) Both under and without oath
Explanation: Section 29 of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, grants the accused the right to appear as a witness in their own defense. To ensure the reliability and legal weight of such testimony, the law requires that the accused must provide their statement under oath. This allows the accused to present their version of events formally to disprove the charges brought against them.
#2331
Under Section 26-A of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, what is the nature of the pardon that the Chairman of NAB may grant to an individual?
(a) Both A and B
(b) Fully
(c) None of above
(d) Conditionally
Explanation: Section 26-A of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, empowers the Chairman of the National Accountability Bureau to grant a pardon to any person involved in an offense. This pardon can be granted either unconditionally (fully) or subject to specific conditions, depending on the circumstances of the case and the cooperation provided by the individual in the investigation or prosecution process.
#2332
Under Section 22B of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, with whom may the Chairman of the NAB conduct an investigation?
(a) Both A and B
(b) Any other agency
(c) A specified agency
(d) Any person
Explanation: Section 22B of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, empowers the Chairman of the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) to collaborate during investigations. This provision allows the Chairman to conduct investigations in conjunction with other agencies or individuals, facilitating a comprehensive approach to uncovering corruption and financial crimes by leveraging resources and expertise from various sources as deemed necessary for the investigation.
#2333
Upon what grounds may an authorized officer initiate the process of tracing assets under the relevant accountability laws?
(a) Reasonable suspicion
(b) Receipt of complaint
(c) Credible information
(d) All of above
Explanation: Authorized officers under accountability legislation, such as the National Accountability Ordinance, are empowered to trace assets when they have sufficient cause. This includes acting upon credible information, receiving formal complaints, or forming a reasonable suspicion regarding the illicit origin of assets. These broad powers are intended to facilitate the recovery of assets acquired through corrupt practices.
#2334
According to Section 29 of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, in what manner may an accused person provide evidence in their defense to refute charges?
(a) On oath
(b) None of above
(c) Without oath
(d) Both of above
Explanation: Section 29 of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, explicitly grants the accused the right to be a competent witness for the defense. It specifies that the accused may give evidence on oath in disproof of the charges brought against them. This provision is designed to allow the accused to present their version of events under the solemnity of an oath during the accountability trial process.
#2335
According to Section 18B of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, how may a reference be initiated by the Bureau?
(a) Its own accord
(b) All of above
(c) A reference received from the appropriate government
(d) Receipt of complaint
Explanation: Section 18B of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, provides multiple avenues for the initiation of a reference. The Bureau can act upon receiving a formal reference from the government, upon the receipt of a specific complaint from a citizen or entity, or by taking suo motu cognizance of a matter on its own accord, ensuring comprehensive coverage in the fight against corruption.
#2336
Under Section 26A of the National Accountability Ordinance, 1999, what type of pardon may the Chairman of the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) grant to an individual?
(a) None of above
(b) Fully
(c) Conditionally
(d) Both A and B
Explanation: Section 26A of the National Accountability Ordinance grants the Chairman of NAB the authority to tender a pardon to any person involved in an offense. This pardon can be granted either conditionally or unconditionally (fully), depending on the cooperation provided by the individual during the investigation or trial process.
#2337
Which section of the Civil Procedure Code (C.P.C.) specifies the grounds upon which a second appeal may be filed?
(a) Section 101, C.P.C.
(b) Section 100, C.P.C.
(c) Section 99, C.P.C.
(d) None of these
Explanation: Section 100 of the Civil Procedure Code provides the statutory basis for filing a second appeal to the High Court. A second appeal is generally restricted to cases involving a substantial question of law, rather than questions of fact. This limitation is designed to prevent endless litigation and ensures that the highest courts focus on interpreting legal principles rather than re-evaluating evidence.
#2338
What action may the Court take if an appellant fails to appear when their appeal is called for hearing on the scheduled date?
(a) Both A and B
(b) The Court may make an order that the appeal be adjourned
(c) The Court may make order that the appeal be dismissed
(d) None of these
Explanation: Under the Code of Civil Procedure, if an appellant does not appear when the appeal is called for hearing, the court is empowered to dismiss the appeal for default. While adjournment is possible at the court's discretion, dismissal is the standard procedural consequence for non-appearance.
#2339
If a party is affected by a decree for which an appeal is permissible but chooses not to file one, what legal remedy may they pursue?
(a) None of the these
(b) Apply for revision
(c) Apply for review
(d) Both A and B
Explanation: A review petition is available to a party who is aggrieved by a decree or order from which an appeal is allowed but has not been preferred. This allows the court that passed the decree to reconsider its decision based on the discovery of new evidence or an error apparent on the face of the record.
#2340
If a review petition is dismissed due to the applicant's failure to appear, under what conditions may it be restored?
(a) Upon application of applicant if it justify. His absence in satisfactory manners
(b) None of the above
(c) When ever Court like
(d) None of the these
Explanation: When a review petition is dismissed for default due to the non-appearance of the applicant, the court retains the inherent power to restore the petition. The applicant must file a formal application providing a sufficient and satisfactory explanation for their absence. The court evaluates this justification to determine if the interests of justice warrant the restoration of the petition to its original status.