#1601

Which CPEC project involves the 'Lining of Watercourses' to improve agricultural efficiency in 2024-2025?

(a) Green Revolution 2.0

(b) Agriculture Modernization Project

(c) CPEC Canal Project

(d) Indus Lining Scheme

Explanation: Under CPEC Phase II, agriculture modernization includes projects for water conservation. Lining of watercourses and the introduction of high-efficiency irrigation systems are being implemented to reduce water wastage and boost crop yields.

#1602

In 2024-2025, Pakistan commissioned several new frigates built by China. What is the name of this class of ships?

(a) Tariq Class

(b) Tughril Class (Type 054A/P)

(c) Zulfiquar Class

(d) Alamgir Class

Explanation: The Tughril-class frigates (Type 054A/P) are the most advanced multi-role surface combatants in the Pakistan Navy's inventory. Equipped with state-of-the-art surface-to-air and anti-ship missiles, these ships significantly enhance the fleet's defensive and offensive capabilities in the Indian Ocean Region.

#1603

In 2025, Pakistan is upgrading its submarine fleet with the 'Hangor Class' (Type 039B) from which country?

(a) France

(b) China

(c) Turkey

(d) USA

Explanation: Pakistan has signed a massive contract with China to acquire eight Hangor-class submarines (based on the Type 039B). Four are being built in China and four in Karachi. These submarines will feature modern AIP systems and advanced combat management systems.

#1604

Who is the professional head of the Pakistan Navy (as of 2024-2025)?

(a) Admiral Amjad Khan Niazi

(b) Admiral Naveed Ashraf

(c) Admiral Zafar Mahmood Abbasi

(d) Admiral Muhammad Zakaullah

Explanation: Admiral Naveed Ashraf assumed command as the 16th Chief of Naval Staff on October 7, 2023. He is responsible for the operational readiness and strategic direction of the Pakistan Navy.

#1605

Who is the current Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) of the Pakistan Air Force as of 2025?

(a) Air Chief Marshal Mujahid Anwar Khan

(b) Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar Sidhu

(c) Air Chief Marshal Sohail Aman

(d) Air Chief Marshal Tahir Rafique Butt

Explanation: Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar Sidhu assumed command of the Pakistan Air Force on March 19, 2021. He is the 16th Chief of the Air Staff and has been pivotal in overseeing the induction of modern platforms like the J-10C and advanced UAVs.

#1606

Which town in Kashmir is known as the site where the tribal advance was halted by Indian forces in November 1947?

(a) Muzaffarabad

(b) Shalateng

(c) Mirpur

(d) Domel

Explanation: The Battle of Shalateng (November 7, 1947) was a decisive turning point. Indian armored cars and infantry engaged the tribal forces on the outskirts of Srinagar. The defeat at Shalateng forced the tribes to retreat toward Baramulla, ending the immediate threat to the capital.

#1607

Which natural disaster in November 1970 is said to have fueled Bengali grievances due to a poor government response?

(a) Kashmir Earthquake

(b) Bhola Cyclone

(c) Indus Floods

(d) Thar Drought

Explanation: The Bhola Cyclone of November 1970 was one of the deadliest tropical cyclones in history. The perceived slow and inadequate relief effort by the central government in West Pakistan was used by the Awami League to demonstrate the 'step-motherly' treatment of East Pakistan, boosting their election campaign.

#1608

Pakistan is consistently ranked among the top contributors of troops to the UN. As of 2024-2025, approximately how many Pakistani personnel are serving in UN missions?

(a) 1,000

(b) Over 4,000

(c) 10,000

(d) 25,000

Explanation: Pakistan remains one of the largest troop-contributing countries (TCC) to the United Nations. As of recent data in 2024-2025, over 4,000 Pakistani peacekeepers, including troops, police, and staff officers, are deployed in some of the most challenging conflict zones across the world.

#1609

As of the 2024-2025 cycle, approximately how many Pakistani peacekeepers have embraced martyrdom in the line of duty since 1960?

(a) 50

(b) Over 170

(c) 300

(d) 500

Explanation: Pakistan has paid a heavy price for global peace. More than 170 Pakistani peacekeepers, including officers and soldiers, have lost their lives in various UN missions across the globe, reflecting the country's deep commitment to the UN's peacekeeping mandates.

#1610

As of 2024-2025, Pakistan has increasingly engaged in 'Defense Diplomacy' with which country, resulting in the 'Druzhba' (Friendship) series of military exercises?

(a) Germany

(b) Russia

(c) Japan

(d) Italy

Explanation: Following the lifting of a Russian arms embargo on Pakistan in 2014, the two countries have moved toward closer defense ties. The 'Druzhba' exercises started in 2016 and have continued through 2024-2025, focusing on counter-terrorism and mountain warfare, signaling a 'thaw' in Cold War-era rivalries.

#1611

In the 2024-2025 context, which Central Asian country has emerged as a key partner for Pakistan in 'Trans-Afghan' logistics and security?

(a) Kazakhstan

(b) Uzbekistan

(c) Turkmenistan

(d) Kyrgyzstan

Explanation: Uzbekistan and Pakistan have signed several agreements for the 'Trans-Afghan Railway' and regional trade corridors. This partnership has a strong security dimension, as both nations seek to stabilize Afghanistan to ensure the safety of transit routes and prevent the spread of regional militancy.

#1612

In 2025, Pakistan's participation in the 'SCO Peace Mission' exercises involves which unique feature?

(a) Using only nuclear weapons

(b) Joint counter-terrorism drills with Russian and Central Asian troops

(c) Building schools in Siberia

(d) Managing a space station

Explanation: The SCO Peace Mission exercises are focused on large-scale counter-terrorism operations. Participation in these drills allows the Pakistan Army to synchronize its tactics with major regional powers like Russia and China, enhancing its regional prestige and operational experience.

#1613

In 2025, which alliance remains the most important for Pakistan's 'Energy Security', involving a pipeline project from Turkmenistan?

(a) CPEC

(b) TAPI (Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India)

(c) IP (Iran-Pakistan)

(d) ECO Energy Link

Explanation: TAPI is a strategic energy alliance aimed at bringing natural gas from Central Asia to South Asia. Despite the challenges in Afghanistan, Pakistan remains committed to TAPI in 2025 as a vital source of energy and a means to deepen ties with Turkmenistan.

#1614

In 2025, Pakistan's 'Green Pakistan Initiative' through the SIFC has attracted significant investment from which allied nation for corporate farming?

(a) China

(b) Saudi Arabia

(c) UAE

(d) All of the above

Explanation: The Green Pakistan Initiative is a modern alliance-based approach to food security. Large-scale corporate farming projects are being developed with investment and technology from Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and China, turning agriculture into a strategic national security priority.

#1615

In 2024-2025, Pakistan’s 'Naval Expansion' includes the induction of four Milgem corvettes. What is the Pakistani name for this class?

(a) Tughril Class

(b) Babur Class

(c) Zulfiquar Class

(d) Alamgir Class

Explanation: The Babur-class corvettes (MILGEM) are a product of the Turkey-Pakistan defense alliance. They are multi-mission surface combatants equipped with indigenous Harbah missiles and modern stealth features, significantly boosting the Navy's offensive capabilities.

#1616

In 2025, Pakistan's 'Defence Export' target through allied markets like the Middle East and Africa is:

(a) $100 Million

(b) Over $1 Billion

(c) $10 Billion

(d) Zero (Pakistan only imports)

Explanation: With the push from SIFC and the success of platforms like the JF-17, Super Mushshak, and POF munitions, Pakistan has set an ambitious target to exceed $1 billion in defense exports. Alliances with Gulf countries are key to reaching this milestone.

#1617

Which international body serves as the 'Final Arbiter' for the Indus Waters Treaty disputes, as seen in the 2024-2025 Kishenganga case?

(a) The UN General Assembly

(b) The World Bank and the Court of Arbitration

(c) The SCO Court

(d) The OIC Secretariat

Explanation: As the signatory and mediator of the 1960 treaty, the World Bank plays a central role. For the current disputes over Indian hydroelectric projects, the World Bank has appointed both a 'Neutral Expert' and a 'Court of Arbitration' to address Pakistan's technical and legal objections.

#1618

As of 2025, what is the status of the Siachen dispute between India and Pakistan?

(a) The glacier has been demilitarized

(b) Both sides have withdrawn to pre-1984 positions

(c) The military standoff continues with troops maintaining permanent positions

(d) The area has been handed over to the UN

Explanation: As of late 2025, the military standoff in Siachen remains unchanged. Despite multiple rounds of diplomatic talks and proposals for a 'Mountain of Peace' or demilitarization, both nations continue to maintain a permanent presence on the heights. India holds the dominant heights of the Saltoro Ridge, while Pakistan maintains its positions on the western slopes and the Gyong Sector, with a ceasefire effectively holding since 2003.

#1619

The 2025 status of the Siachen dispute remains a key indicator of the relationship between which two countries?

(a) China and India

(b) Pakistan and India

(c) Pakistan and China

(d) India and USA

Explanation: The Siachen dispute remains a centerpiece of the broader Indo-Pakistani conflict. It represents the issues of territorial integrity, military pride, and the lack of mutual trust. As of 2025, any progress on Siachen is viewed as a potential 'confidence-building measure' (CBM) that could lead to a broader dialogue on Kashmir, yet the strategic stakes remain too high for either side to make the first move toward withdrawal.

#1620

In late 2024 and early 2025, which major treaty became a point of severe contention between Pakistan and India following a modification notice by India?

(a) Tashkent Declaration

(b) Simla Agreement

(c) Indus Waters Treaty (IWT)

(d) Lahore Declaration

Explanation: In September 2024, India issued a formal notice to Pakistan seeking a fundamental review and modification of the 64-year-old Indus Waters Treaty. Throughout 2025, this led to intense diplomatic standoffs, with India citing 'changed circumstances' and 'persistent disputes' over hydroelectric projects like Kishenganga and Ratle, while Pakistan maintained the treaty must be upheld via the World Bank's existing mechanisms.

November 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions