October 2025 Edition
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October 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#1481
In 2025, Pakistan and Tajikistan agreed to double the frequency of which transport link?
(a) Camel caravans
(b) Direct Cargo Flights between Dushanbe and Islamabad
(c) Walking paths
(d) None of the above
Explanation: To support the 'Geo-economics' shift, both nations prioritized air-cargo connectivity. Doubling the flights in 2025 is intended to facilitate the rapid transport of high-value goods like Pakistani surgical instruments and fresh fruits to the Tajik market.
#1482
What is the primary role of 'Barter Trade' in Pakistan's 2024-2025 strategy with Central Asian states?
(a) To ban currency
(b) To bypass international banking sanctions and manage foreign exchange shortages
(c) To return to the stone age
(d) To avoid taxes
Explanation: Due to dollar shortages and banking hurdles in the region, Pakistan has legalized barter trade with countries like Russia, Iran, and Afghanistan/Central Asia. This allows Pakistani businesses to trade items like textiles for Central Asian energy or minerals without the need for hard currency.
#1483
The 2024-2025 relationship between Pakistan and Central Asia is best summarized as shifting from:
(a) Religious to secular
(b) Security-centric to Geo-economic and Connectivity-focused
(c) War to Peace only
(d) Agriculture to Industry only
Explanation: Moving away from the 'Strategic Depth' doctrines of the past, Pakistan now views Central Asia through the lens of 'Geo-economics.' The current strategy focuses on becoming a 'land-bridge' that links the massive markets of Eurasia with the Indian Ocean seaports.
#1484
Which specific legal document was signed by Maharaja Hari Singh in October 1947 to join the Dominion of India?
(a) Standstill Agreement
(b) Instrument of Accession
(c) Tashkent Declaration
(d) Simla Agreement
Explanation: Maharaja Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession on October 26, 1947. This occurred following an invasion by tribal irregulars from Pakistan's northwest. While India views this as the legal basis for its claim over the entire state, Pakistan disputes it, arguing that the accession was signed under duress and went against the logic of the partition plan.
#1485
In the 2024-2025 context, Pakistan's official stance on resuming trade with India is conditioned upon:
(a) The sharing of nuclear data
(b) The reversal of India's August 2019 decision on Kashmir
(c) A joint military parade
(d) The construction of a new dam
Explanation: As of late 2025, Pakistan maintains that any normalization of ties, including the resumption of bilateral trade and diplomatic dialogue, is impossible until India revisits its 2019 decision to revoke the special status of Jammu and Kashmir. Islamabad views this as a prerequisite for a level playing field in any future negotiations.
#1486
In 2025, which international body's President visited Pakistan to discuss the 'Sustainable Development Goals' (SDGs) and mentioned regional stability including Kashmir?
(a) World Bank
(b) UN General Assembly (President of the 79th Session)
(c) IMF
(d) NATO
Explanation: The President of the UNGA visited Pakistan in early 2025. During the visit, the leadership highlighted the link between regional peace, the resolution of the Kashmir dispute, and the achievement of the SDGs, emphasizing that development in South Asia is contingent upon the resolution of long-standing political conflicts.
#1487
In October 2024, the Foreign Minister of India visited Islamabad for the first time in nine years to attend which summit?
(a) SAARC Summit
(b) SCO Council of Heads of Government
(c) OIC Meeting
(d) G20 Health Summit
Explanation: S. Jaishankar visited Islamabad in October 2024 for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Council of Heads of Government meeting. While no formal bilateral talks on Kashmir were held, his presence was significant as it was the first such visit by an Indian Foreign Minister since 2015, highlighting the role of multilateralism in regional engagement.
#1488
Which Pakistani city was declared as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, an achievement used by the state to project a 'Green Pakistan' image internationally?
(a) Islamabad
(b) Lahore
(c) Peshawar
(d) Karachi
Explanation: Islamabad was ranked as the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025. This achievement in urban management is part of Pakistan's broader effort to lead in environmental and climate diplomacy, particularly as it seeks to highlight its vulnerability to climate change in international forums like COP.
#1489
In early 2025, Pakistan launched which multi-mission communication satellite to enhance its digital sovereignty?
(a) PRSS-2
(b) PakSat-MM1
(c) Badr-C
(d) PakSat-1R
Explanation: Pakistan launched the PakSat-MM1 communication satellite in 2025. This advanced satellite provides high-speed internet and digital broadcasting services, reducing reliance on foreign satellites and enhancing the state's capacity to communicate its national narrative globally.
#1490
In the context of 2025, what is the 'One-Word' shift in Pakistan's foreign policy doctrine that seeks to prioritize trade over conflict?
(a) Militarization
(b) Geo-economics
(c) Isolationism
(d) Industrialization
Explanation: Pakistan's shift toward 'Geo-economics' means it wants to leverage its location as a land-bridge between Central Asia, China, and the Middle East. However, the state maintains that this economic vision cannot reach its full potential without a peaceful resolution of the Kashmir dispute.
#1491
In the 2024-2025 period, the majority of 'informal' trade between Pakistan and India is routed through which third country?
(a) Afghanistan
(b) United Arab Emirates (Dubai)
(c) China
(d) Iran
Explanation: Due to the suspension of direct bilateral trade since 2019, most essential goods and commercial trade are routed through Dubai and other third countries. This 'circular trade' is significantly more expensive but continues to fulfill regional demand in both nations.
#1492
The 'Solar-to-Nuclear' shift in Pakistan's energy narrative in 2025 emphasizes:
(a) Abolishing solar power
(b) Nuclear as a reliable base-load provider to complement renewable energy
(c) Building nuclear reactors in space
(d) Using nuclear waste to power cars
Explanation: In 2024-2025, Pakistan's energy policy focuses on a diverse 'energy mix.' Nuclear power is viewed as the essential 'base-load' provider that remains stable 24/7, unlike intermittent solar or wind, allowing for a more sustainable and cost-effective national grid.
#1493
Which Pakistani city was declare as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, a point of pride often mentioned alongside its role as the administrative hub for strategic planning?
(a) Lahore
(b) Islamabad
(c) Karachi
(d) Quetta
Explanation: Islamabad was declare the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025. As the capital, it houses the NCA and SPD headquarters, serving as the modern administrative center for the country's strategic and developmental policies.
#1494
In 2025, Pakistan launched the 'PakSat-MM1' satellite. How does this link to nuclear security?
(a) It carries nuclear warheads
(b) It provides secure communication and surveillance links for the Strategic Command
(c) It is a nuclear-powered satellite
(d) There is no link
Explanation: Modern strategic deterrence relies heavily on space-based assets for secure communication and early warning. The PakSat-MM1 improves Pakistan's digital sovereignty and provides the high-bandwidth connectivity needed for coordinating strategic forces.
#1495
Which project on the Indus River is being discussed in 2025 as a potential site for a 'Small Modular Reactor' (SMR)?
(a) Tarbela
(b) Kalabagh
(c) Diamer-Bhasha
(d) Warsak
Explanation: In 2025, Pakistan has explored the feasibility of deploying SMRs at major project sites like Diamer-Bhasha to provide localized, clean energy for the construction and long-term operation of the dam and its surrounding industrial zones.
#1496
The 2024-2025 economic strategy under the SIFC views 'Nuclear Energy' as a way to achieve:
(a) High-cost power
(b) Long-term affordable and sustainable industrial growth
(c) Banning the IMF
(d) Moving the capital to Karachi
Explanation: The SIFC's energy pillar focuses on reducing the cost of doing business. By investing in large-scale nuclear projects like C-5, Pakistan aims to provide cheap, stable electricity to its special economic zones (SEZs), making its exports more competitive globally.
#1497
Which international financial watchdog removed Pakistan from its 'Grey List' in October 2022 after four years?
(a) World Bank
(b) Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
(c) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
(d) Asian Development Bank
Explanation: Pakistan was placed on the FATF Grey List in 2018 for deficiencies in its Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (CFT) regimes. After successfully implementing 34 action items, which involved major legislative and judicial reforms, Pakistan was removed in October 2022. This removal was a major foreign policy success, improving Pakistan's image in the global financial system.
#1498
Which Pakistani city was declared as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, a point often used to project a stable and modern image of the country to foreign diplomats?
(a) Islamabad
(b) Lahore
(c) Peshawar
(d) Karachi
Explanation: Islamabad was ranked as the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025. This achievement in urban management and green initiatives is frequently highlighted by the Foreign Office as a sign of the state's functionality and the improved security environment in the capital, contrary to extremist narratives.
#1499
Pakistan launched which communication satellite in 2025 to enhance its digital sovereignty and surveillance capabilities along its borders?
(a) PRSS-2
(b) PakSat-MM1
(c) Badr-C
(d) PakSat-1R
Explanation: Pakistan launched the PakSat-MM1 communication satellite in 2025. This advanced multi-mission satellite provides the high-bandwidth connectivity needed for modern digital infrastructure and also aids in border surveillance and secure communications for security agencies involved in counter-terrorism.
#1500
Which term is used by the Pakistani state in 2024-2025 to officially describe the TTP, meaning 'troublemakers who have left the path'?
(a) Mujahideen
(b) Fitna al-Khawarij
(c) Separatists
(d) Freedom Fighters
Explanation: In 2024, the government and military officially adopted the term 'Fitna al-Khawarij' for the TTP. This narrative shift aims to delegitimize the group's Islamic credentials and highlight their role as internal destabilizers who misuse religion for terrorism, a message frequently communicated to the OIC and other Islamic nations.