#61

Which Icelandic glacier, Europe’s largest, forms stunning ice caves studied in 2025?

(a) Svínafellsjökull Glacier

(b) Mýrdalsjökull Glacier

(c) Vatnajökull Glacier

(d) Langjökull Glacier

Explanation: Vatnajökull Glacier, covering 8,100 km² in Iceland, is Europe’s largest, with 2025 studies of its blue ice caves formed by meltwater, as per X posts. Langjökull, Mýrdalsjökull, and Svínafellsjökull are smaller, making Vatnajökull Glacier the correct choice.

#62

Which Himalayan glacier was declared ‘dead’ in 2025 with Asia’s first commemorative plaque?

(a) Gangotri Glacier

(b) Khumbu Glacier

(c) Siachen Glacier

(d) Yala Glacier

Explanation: Yala Glacier, in Nepal’s Hindu Kush Himalayas, was declared ‘dead’ in 2025 due to rapid melting, receiving Asia’s first commemorative plaque, as reported in X posts. Gangotri, Siachen, and Khumbu are retreating but not ‘dead,’ making Yala Glacier the correct choice.

#63

Which Greenland glacier moved faster than expected in 2025 studies?

(a) Petermann Glacier

(b) Helheim Glacier

(c) Sermeq Kujalleq

(d) Kangerlussuaq Glacier

Explanation: Sermeq Kujalleq, also known as Jakobshavn Glacier, in Greenland, moved faster than expected in 2025 studies, contributing to sea level rise, as per a web source. Helheim, Kangerlussuaq, and Petermann are also active but less emphasized, making Sermeq Kujalleq the correct choice.

#64

Which South American rainforest, the world’s largest, struggles to adapt to climate change in 2025?

(a) Valdivian Rainforest

(b) Atlantic Forest

(c) Chocó Rainforest

(d) Amazon Rainforest

Explanation: The Amazon Rainforest, spanning 6.7 million km² across South America, is the world’s largest and was studied in 2025 for its struggle to adapt to climate change, as per a web source. Valdivian, Atlantic, and Chocó are smaller, making Amazon Rainforest the correct choice.

#65

Which northern forest, studied in 2025 for carbon sequestration, spans Russia and Canada?

(a) Tundra Forest

(b) Laurentian Forest

(c) Taiga (Boreal Forest)

(d) Siberian Forest

Explanation: The Taiga, or Boreal Forest, spanning Russia and Canada, was studied in 2025 for its carbon sequestration potential in young trees, as per a web source. Tundra, Laurentian, and Siberian are not as extensive, making Taiga (Boreal Forest) the correct choice.

#66

Which U.S. forest region was studied in 2025 for climate resilience and wildlife refuge?

(a) Rocky Mountain Forests

(b) Sierra Nevada Forests

(c) Ozark Forests

(d) Appalachian Forests

Explanation: Appalachian Forests, in the eastern USA, were studied in 2025 for climate resilience and as wildlife refuges, as per a web source. Rocky Mountain, Sierra Nevada, and Ozark are less emphasized, making Appalachian Forests the correct choice.

#67

Which Southeast Asian forest in Brunei had a fossil of an endangered tree found in 2025?

(a) Ulu Temburong National Park

(b) Belalong Rainforest

(c) Bukit Barisan Forest

(d) Lambir Hills Forest

Explanation: Ulu Temburong National Park, in Brunei, had a fossil of an endangered tropical tree discovered in 2025, as reported in a web source. Belalong, Lambir Hills, and Bukit Barisan lack this find, making Ulu Temburong National Park the correct choice.

#68

Which Chinese forest was studied in 2025 for tree diversity in reforestation efforts?

(a) Wuyi Mountain Forest

(b) Changbai Mountain Forest

(c) Xishuangbanna Forest

(d) Hainan Rainforest

Explanation: Xishuangbanna Forest, in China’s Yunnan Province, was part of 2025 studies showing increased tree diversity enhances reforestation resilience, as per a web source. Changbai, Wuyi, and Hainan were not highlighted, making Xishuangbanna Forest the correct choice.

#69

Which Swiss forest was noted in 2025 for adapting to storms with more deadwood?

(a) Swiss National Park Forest

(b) Jura Forests

(c) Ticino Forests

(d) Aargau Forests

Explanation: Swiss National Park Forest, in Switzerland, was noted in 2025 for adapting to storms and drought with more deadwood, vital for species, as per a web source. Jura, Aargau, and Ticino were not specified, making Swiss National Park Forest the correct choice.

#70

Who is the current Supreme Leader of North Korea (as of 2025)?

(a) Kim Il-sung

(b) Kim Jong-il

(c) Kim Jong-un

(d) Kim Yo-jong

Explanation: Kim Jong-un assumed leadership in 2011 following the death of his father, Kim Jong-il.

#71

Which battle halted the German advance on Paris in September 1914, leading to trench warfare?

(a) Battle of Verdun

(b) Battle of the Somme

(c) First Battle of the Marne

(d) Battle of Tannenberg

Explanation: The First Battle of the Marne stopped the German advance into France and forced them to retreat, ending the war of movement and marking the beginning of four years of trench warfare.

#72

Which terrorist group was responsible for the September 11 attacks in 2001?

(a) Taliban

(b) ISIS

(c) Hezbollah

(d) Al-Qaeda

Explanation: Led by Osama bin Laden, Al-Qaeda hijacked four airplanes, attacking the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.

#73

Who is the current President of China (as of 2025)?

(a) Hu Jintao

(b) Jiang Zemin

(c) Xi Jinping

(d) Li Keqiang

Explanation: Xi Jinping has been the paramount leader of China since 2012.

#74

Which event on September 11, 2001, triggered the global War on Terror?

(a) The bombing of the USS Cole

(b) The Al-Qaeda attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon

(c) The invasion of Kuwait

(d) The embassy bombings in Kenya

Explanation: Al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four commercial airplanes, crashing two into the World Trade Center in NYC, one into the Pentagon, and one in a field in Pennsylvania.

#75

Who is the current Prime Minister of India (as of 2025)?

(a) Manmohan Singh

(b) Narendra Modi

(c) Rahul Gandhi

(d) Amit Shah

Explanation: Narendra Modi has been the Prime Minister of India since 2014.

#76

Who is the current Chairperson of the African Union Commission (as of 2025)?

(a) Moussa Faki Mahamat

(b) Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma

(c) Hailemariam Desalegn

(d) Alpha Condé

Explanation: Moussa Faki Mahamat, from Chad, has been the Chairperson of the AU Commission since 2017, leading the AU’s executive body and overseeing its activities.

#77

In September 2023, the African Union was admitted as a permanent member of which international group?

(a) G7

(b) G20

(c) BRICS

(d) NATO

Explanation: The African Union was officially admitted as a permanent member of the G20 during the summit in New Delhi in September 2023, giving Africa a stronger voice in global economic governance.

#78

How many member countries does the ADB have as of 2025?

(a) 67

(b) 68

(c) 69

(d) 70

Explanation: As of 2025, the ADB has 69 members, with 50 from the Asia-Pacific region and 19 from outside, including non-regional developed countries.

#79

Who was elected as the ADB President in February 2025?

(a) Takehiko Nakao

(b) Masato Kanda

(c) Fujioka Masao

(d) Ashok Lavasa

Explanation: Masato Kanda was elected President of the ADB by its Board of Governors and assumed office on February 24, 2025.

#80

How many member states are part of ASEAN as of 2025?

(a) 8

(b) 10

(c) 12

(d) 15

Explanation: ASEAN consists of 10 member states: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Timor-Leste is in the process of accession.

September 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions