September 2025 Edition
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September 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#1841
What form of government was established by the French Constitution of September 3, 1791?
(a) Limited monarchy and the Legislative Assembly
(b) Unlimited monarchy and the Legislative Assembly
(c) Unlimited monarchy and the limited Legislative Assembly
(d) None of these
Explanation: The French Constitution of 1791 was the first written constitution of France. It transformed the absolute monarchy of the Ancien Régime into a constitutional or limited monarchy, where the monarch's power was checked by the newly created Legislative Assembly, marking a significant shift toward representative government.
#1842
Which military operation was initiated by the United States as a direct response to the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center?
(a) Operation Iraqi Freedom
(b) Operation Desert Storm
(c) Operation Enduring Freedom
(d) Operation Infinite Reach
Explanation: Operation Enduring Freedom was the official name used by the U.S. government for the military campaign in Afghanistan that began in October 2001. It was launched in response to the September 11 terrorist attacks, with the primary goal of dismantling the Al-Qaeda terrorist network and removing the Taliban regime from power in Afghanistan.
#1843
Which of the following statements regarding the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center is factually incorrect?
(a) This attack is seen as the end of US hegemony
(b) Nineteen hijackers from various Arab countries were part of this attack
(c) In terms of loss of life, this attack is worse on the US soil since the country was formed in 1776
(d) The attack has been compared to that of the Pearl Harbour
Explanation: The September 11 attacks were a catastrophic terrorist event, but they did not signify the end of US global hegemony. While the attacks prompted significant shifts in US foreign policy, such as the Global War on Terror, the United States maintained its status as a dominant global superpower. The assertion that the attacks ended US hegemony is a matter of political debate rather than an established historical fact.
#1844
In which year did the September 11 terrorist attacks occur?
(a) 2000
(b) 2004
(c) 2001
(d) 2002
Explanation: The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, commonly referred to as 9/11, took place on September 11, 2001. This event is frequently studied in psychology regarding its impact on collective trauma, stress responses, and the formation of flashbulb memories.
#1845
According to United Nations projections, what was the estimated average global life expectancy by 2025?
(a) 54
(b) 46
(c) 71
(d) 80
Explanation: The United Nations has historically tracked global demographic trends, including life expectancy. The figure of 71 years was a widely cited projection for the mid-2020s, reflecting improvements in global health, nutrition, and medical technology over the preceding decades.
#1846
According to United Nations projections, what is the estimated global average life expectancy by the year 2025?
(a) 71
(b) 54
(c) 80
(d) 46
Explanation: The United Nations has projected that by 2025, the average life expectancy worldwide will reach 71 years, indicating a steady increase in human lifespan due to advances in healthcare and living standards.
#1847
Which urban center is projected to be the most populous megacity by the year 2025?
(a) New York
(b) Mumbai
(c) Beijing
(d) Tokyo
Explanation: Tokyo has historically maintained its status as the world's most populous metropolitan area for several decades. Demographic projections consistently identified it as the largest megacity leading up to 2025 due to its massive urban sprawl and high population density, despite shifts in global growth patterns.
#1848
Which metropolitan area is projected to maintain the largest population by 2025?
(a) Mumbai
(b) Beijing
(c) Tokyo
(d) New York
Explanation: According to United Nations demographic projections, Tokyo is expected to remain the world's most populous megacity by 2025. This status is attributed to its sustained role as a global economic hub, high density, and the continued concentration of human and capital resources within the Greater Tokyo Area, despite Japan's overall aging population trends.
#1849
The surge in national patriotism following the September 11, 2001, attacks illustrates which functionalist perspective on deviance?
(a) Solidarity
(b) Unification
(c) Warning
(d) Authoritarian
Explanation: Émile Durkheim argued that deviance can serve a positive function by reinforcing social solidarity. When a society faces a threat or a deviant act, the collective reaction often brings members together, strengthening shared values and creating a sense of unity against a common 'other' or external challenge.
#1850
The rise in patriotism following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, is an example of what function of deviance ?
(a) Solidarity
(b) Warning
(c) Unification
(d) AuthoritarianE. Boundary setting
Explanation: Source answer preserved: option B (Solidarity). AI attempted to change protected answer data (option_d), so this item is flagged for manual review before study use.
#1851
What new role will Tim Cook assume after stepping down as Apple's CEO in September 2026?
(a) Chief Hardware Officer
(b) Chief Technology Officer
(c) Chief Operating Officer
(d) Executive Chairman
Explanation: Upon stepping down from the CEO position, Tim Cook is slated to become the company's executive chairman. This transition allows him to remain involved with the firm while handing over daily operational leadership. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/1993605/apple-says-chief-executive-tim-cook-stepping-down-in-september, 20 Apr 2026]
#1852
Consider the following statements about the US-Pakistan trade negotiations as of July 2026: 1. Pakistan successfully negotiated a reduction in the initial IEEPA-based tariff from 29 per cent to 19 per cent in 2025. 2. The temporary global tariff of 10 per cent imposed under Section 122 is scheduled to expire on July 24, 2026. 3. India is currently facing a lower proposed tariff under Section 301 than Pakistan. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct regarding the 2025 tariff reduction. Statement 2 is correct as the Section 122 tariff has a 150-day statutory limit expiring on July 24, 2026. Statement 3 is incorrect because India faces a 12.5% tariff, which is higher than Pakistan's 10%. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2016679/finance-minister-aurangzeb-arrives-in-us-on-3-day-visit-expected-to-hold-talks-on-trade-finance-investment, 19 Jul 2026]
#1853
Consider the following statements about the BPS-2026 notification: 1. The new pay scales apply to federal civil employees paid from both civil and defence estimates. 2. Employees posted abroad are eligible to receive the Ad hoc Relief Allowance-2026 during their foreign tenure. 3. The 2022 and 2025 ad hoc relief allowances were abolished upon the implementation of the new scales. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as the notification covers both civil and defence estimates. Statement 3 is correct as the 2022 and 2025 allowances were merged and abolished. Statement 2 is incorrect because employees posted abroad are explicitly excluded from receiving the allowance during their foreign posting. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431195/salary-increase-notified-govt-issues-revised-bps-2026-for-civil-servants, 22 Jul 2026]
#1854
According to the Economic Survey 2025-26, what was the total wheat production in Pakistan for FY26?
(a) 28.40 million tonnes
(b) 29.61 million tonnes
(c) 31.20 million tonnes
(d) None of these
Explanation: The Economic Survey 2025-26 reported that wheat production increased to 29.61 million tonnes in FY26, up from 28.40 million tonnes in the previous fiscal year. Option A represents the production figure for FY25, making it a plausible but incorrect distractor. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018192/private-sector-rejects-govt-wheat-import-plan, 25 Jul 2026]
#1855
The primary surplus achieved by Pakistan during the period of July 2025 to April 2026 was:
(a) 3.5 percent of GDP
(b) 3.0 percent of GDP
(c) 2.5 percent of GDP
(d) 4.0 percent of GDP
Explanation: Effective expenditure management and revenue mobilization efforts enabled the government to achieve a primary surplus of 3.5 percent of GDP during the Jul-Apr period of the 2026 fiscal year. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2011978/govt-expects-easing-inflationary-pressure-in-new-fiscal-year-following-reopening-of-strait-of-hormuz, 30 Jun 2026]
#1856
According to the Ministry of Finance, the current account recorded a surplus of how much during the period of July 2025 to May 2026?
(a) 155 million dollars
(b) 255 million dollars
(c) 355 million dollars
(d) None of these
Explanation: The external sector remained stable, with the current account recording a surplus of 255 million dollars during the Jul-May period of the 2026 fiscal year, supported by remittances and IT exports. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2011978/govt-expects-easing-inflationary-pressure-in-new-fiscal-year-following-reopening-of-strait-of-hormuz, 30 Jun 2026]
#1857
Consider the following statements about development loans in Pakistan: 1. The markup rate for 2025-26 is lower than the rate charged in 2024-25. 2. The federal government charges markup on loans to provincial governments as a source of revenue. 3. Foreign re-lent loans are advanced by the federal government out of its own domestic resources. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as the rate dropped from 17.74 percent to 11.89 percent. Statement 2 is correct as markup on these loans is a key revenue stream. Statement 3 is incorrect because cash development loans are funded from domestic resources, while foreign re-lent loans are sourced from international lenders. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018194/centre-cuts-markup-on-uplift-loans-to-1189pc, 24 Jul 2026]
#1858
Consider the following statements about the State Bank of India's capital raising activities: 1. The board approved raising up to 600 billion rupees through debt in the current financial year. 2. The bank's previous perpetual bond issuance occurred in November 2025. 3. The 2026 perpetual debt issuance is designed to be Basel III-compliant. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct regarding the 600 billion rupee board approval. Statement 3 is correct regarding Basel III compliance. Statement 2 is incorrect because the bank's previous perpetual bond issuance occurred in October 2024, whereas Canara Bank issued bonds in November 2025. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431637/indias-sbi-to-issue-first-rupee-denominated-perpetual-debt-of-2026-sources-say, 24 Jul 2026]
#1859
What is the revised markup rate fixed by the federal government for development loans and advances for the fiscal year 2025-26?
(a) 10.30 percent
(b) 17.74 percent
(c) 11.89 percent
(d) 17.84 percent
Explanation: The Ministry of Finance fixed the markup rate at 11.89 percent for the 2025-26 fiscal year. This represents a significant reduction from the 17.74 percent rate applied in the previous fiscal year. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018194/centre-cuts-markup-on-uplift-loans-to-1189pc, 24 Jul 2026]
#1860
Consider the following statements about the Indian bond market and macroeconomic indicators as of July 24, 2026: 1. The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield reached its highest level since January 2025. 2. Brent crude prices briefly exceeded $100 per barrel for the first time in two months. 3. The probability of a Federal Reserve rate hike in September was estimated at 30%. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is incorrect because the probability of a Federal Reserve rate hike in September was reported at 80%, while the probability for July was 30%. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431650/india-bonds-end-three-day-losing-streak-but-post-second-straight-weekly-decline, 24 Jul 2026]