The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam MCQs
Topic Notes: The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
201
They were giving the refugees food and shelter.
Answer:
The refugees were being given food and shelter.
**Rule**: For a Past Continuous Tense sentence with two objects, the indirect object can become the subject. The passive structure is **Object + was/were + being + V3**. The agent 'by them' can be omitted.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The indirect object 'the refugees' becomes the subject. The verb form 'were being given' is the correct passive for the Past Continuous. The direct object 'food and shelter' follows. The agent 'by them' is correctly omitted.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
202
You might have left the keys in the car.
Answer:
The keys might have been left in the car by you.
**Rule**: For sentences with past modals (modal + have + V3), the passive structure is **Object + modal + have been + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The object 'the keys' becomes the subject. The past modal passive form 'might have been left' is the correct construction.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'might be left' is the passive form for a present modal ('might leave'), not a past modal.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: The addition of 'to' is incorrect and changes the meaning.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the structure to Past Perfect tense.
203
The teacher is going to grade the papers tomorrow.
Answer:
The papers are going to be graded by the teacher tomorrow.
**Rule**: For active sentences using the 'be going to' future form, the passive structure is **Object + is/am/are + going to be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The object 'the papers' becomes the subject. The structure 'are going to be graded' is the correct passive conversion of 'is going to grade'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This is the passive of the Present Continuous, which, while possible for future plans, is not a direct conversion of the 'going to' form.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This changes the structure to the 'will' future.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
204
How will you manage this situation?
Answer:
How will this situation be managed by you?
**Rule**: For an interrogative sentence in the Future Simple Tense starting with a 'Wh-' word, the passive structure is **Wh- word + will/shall + object + be + V3 + by + subject?**
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The 'Wh-' word 'How' remains at the beginning. The modal 'will' is used, followed by the new subject 'this situation', 'be', and the past participle 'managed'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'could' is an incorrect modal change.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
205
The city will build a new bridge.
Answer:
A new bridge will be built by the city.
**Rule**: To convert a Future Simple Tense sentence to passive voice, the structure is **Object + will/shall + be + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: The object 'a new bridge' becomes the subject. The passive verb form 'will be built' correctly reflects the Future Simple Tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'would' is an incorrect modal verb here.
206
The company was developing a new software.
Answer:
A new software was being developed by the company.
**Rule**: To convert a Past Continuous Tense sentence to passive voice, the structure is **Object + was/were + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: The object 'a new software' becomes the subject. Since it is singular, 'was' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'developed'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
207
The police are investigating the case.
Answer:
The case is being investigated by the police.
**Rule**: To convert a Present Continuous Tense sentence to passive voice, the structure is **Object + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'the case' becomes the subject. Since it is singular, 'is' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'investigated'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
208
Has he bought a new car?
Answer:
Has a new car been bought by him?
**Rule**: To convert an interrogative sentence in the Present Perfect Tense to passive voice, the structure is **Has/Have + object + been + V3 + by + subject?**
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The helping verb 'Has' remains at the beginning. The object 'a new car' follows, then 'been' and the past participle 'bought'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'to be bought' is an incorrect verb form in this context.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This is not in the correct interrogative word order.
209
Don't touch the live wire.
Answer:
Let the live wire not be touched.
**Rule**: Negative imperative sentences (warnings/commands) are often converted to passive voice using the structure: **Let + object + not + be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: This option correctly applies the 'Let' structure for a negative command. 'the live wire' is the object, followed by 'not be' and the past participle 'touched'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'advised not to be touching' is an awkward and incorrect construction.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This implies a rule or regulation, which is slightly different from a direct, urgent warning.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'Shouldn't' offers advice, which is weaker than the strong warning in the original sentence.
210
They were not taking care of the garden.
Answer:
The garden was not being taken care of.
**Rule**: For a negative Past Continuous sentence with a phrasal verb, the passive structure is **Object + was/were + not + being + V3 + prepositions**. The agent 'by them' can be omitted.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The object 'the garden' becomes the subject. The verb form 'was not being taken care of' correctly reflects the negative Past Continuous tense and retains the phrasal verb's particles. The agent is correctly omitted.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Continuous.