The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam MCQs
Topic Notes: The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
221
Someone is going to redecorate the office.
Answer:
The office is going to be redecorated.
**Rule**: For active sentences using the 'be going to' future form, the passive structure is **Object + is/am/are + going to be + V3**. The indefinite subject 'someone' is omitted.
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The object 'the office' becomes the subject. The structure 'is going to be redecorated' is the correct passive conversion. The agent 'by someone' is correctly omitted.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This is the passive of the Present Continuous tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This changes the structure to the 'will' future.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
222
The city has to solve the traffic problem.
Answer:
The traffic problem has to be solved by the city.
**Rule**: When the active sentence uses 'has to' to show necessity, the passive form is **Object + has/have to + be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The object 'the traffic problem' becomes the subject. Since 'problem' is singular, it takes 'has to be', followed by the past participle 'solved'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'has been solved' is the passive of the Present Perfect Tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'had to be' incorrectly changes the tense to the past.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'is to be' implies a plan, which is a different meaning from necessity.
223
I am sure he will praise you.
Answer:
Both a and c are correct.
**Rule**: In a complex sentence with a main clause and a subordinate clause, the subordinate clause can be changed to passive voice if it has a transitive verb and an object.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: Both (a) and (c) are correct passive transformations of the subordinate clause. The main clause 'I am sure' remains unchanged.
- In (a), the main clause is followed by the passivized subordinate clause.
- In (c), the passivized subordinate clause comes first, followed by the main clause.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This is correct, but (c) is also a correct structure.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly switches the agent and the receiver of the action in the passive clause.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This is correct, but (a) is also a correct structure.
224
Who will have to make the decision?
Answer:
By whom will the decision have to be made?
**Rule**: For an interrogative sentence with 'will have to' starting with 'Who', the passive structure is **By whom + will + object + have to be + V3?**
- **Correct Answer (c)**: 'Who' becomes 'By whom'. The structure 'will...have to be made' is the correct passive form for the future necessity. The word order is correct for a question.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This omits 'have to', changing the meaning.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This is the passive of the Future Perfect Tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'would' is an incorrect modal change.
225
The chef is going to prepare a special menu.
Answer:
A special menu is going to be prepared by the chef.
**Rule**: For active sentences using the 'be going to' future form, the passive structure is **Object + is/am/are + going to be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'a special menu' becomes the subject. The structure 'is going to be prepared' is the correct passive conversion.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This changes the structure to the 'will' future.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
226
The committee will announce the winner later.
Answer:
The winner will be announced later by the committee.
**Rule**: For a sentence in the Future Simple Tense, the passive voice structure is **Object + will/shall + be + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'the winner' becomes the subject. The verb form 'will be announced' is the correct passive construction for the Future Simple Tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Future Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: Using 'would' instead of 'will' changes the modal and the certainty of the action.
227
The police were questioning the suspect.
Answer:
The suspect was being questioned by the police.
**Rule**: For a sentence in the Past Continuous Tense, the passive voice structure is **Object + was/were + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'the suspect' becomes the subject. Since it's singular, 'was' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'questioned'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
228
Who is making these arrangements?
Answer:
By whom are these arrangements being made?
**Rule**: Interrogative sentences in the Present Continuous Tense starting with 'Who' are converted to passive voice using **By whom + is/am/are + object + being + V3?**
- **Correct Answer (d)**: 'Who' becomes 'By whom'. The object 'these arrangements' is plural, so 'are' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'made'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
229
Why did she sell the car?
Answer:
Why was the car sold by her?
**Rule**: For an interrogative sentence in the Simple Past Tense starting with a 'Wh-' word, the passive structure is **Wh- word + was/were + object + V3 + by + subject?**
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The 'Wh-' word 'Why' remains at the beginning. The object 'the car' is singular, so 'was' is used, followed by the past participle 'sold'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This is not in the correct interrogative word order.
230
The committee is discussing the matter.
Answer:
The matter is being discussed by the committee.
**Rule**: For a Present Continuous Tense sentence, the passive structure is **Object + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'the matter' becomes the subject. Since it is singular, 'is' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'discussed'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.