General Knowledge MCQs
Topic Notes: General Knowledge
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
31
Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt, and Adam G. Riess won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2011 for the discovery of:
Answer:
The accelerating expansion of the Universe
By observing distant supernovae, they discovered that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate, implying the existence of dark energy.
32
Who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for the discovery of fullerenes (buckyballs)?
Answer:
Curl, Kroto, and Smalley
They discovered a new form of carbon, C60, which resembles a soccer ball.
33
Murray Gell-Mann received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1969 for his contributions concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions, including the proposal of:
Answer:
Quarks
Gell-Mann introduced the concept of quarks as the fundamental constituents of protons and neutrons.
34
Erwin Schrödinger shared the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physics with Paul Dirac for the discovery of new productive forms of:
Answer:
Atomic theory
Schrödinger formulated the wave equation that describes how the quantum state of a physical system changes over time.
35
Who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1945 for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle?
Answer:
Wolfgang Pauli
The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two fermions (like electrons) can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously.
36
Selman Waksman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1952 for the discovery of:
Answer:
Streptomycin
Streptomycin was the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis.
37
Which trio won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2022 for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities?
Answer:
Aspect, Clauser, and Zeilinger
Their work confirmed the strange phenomenon of quantum entanglement, paving the way for quantum information science.
38
Glenn T. Seaborg shared the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discoveries in the chemistry of:
Answer:
Transuranium elements
Seaborg was instrumental in identifying elements heavier than uranium, such as plutonium, americium, and curium.
39
Who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934 for the discovery of heavy hydrogen (deuterium)?
Answer:
Harold Urey
Urey discovered deuterium, an isotope of hydrogen, which is essential for nuclear reactors and studying chemical reaction mechanisms.
40
Shinya Yamanaka and John Gurdon won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2012 for the discovery that:
Answer:
Mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent (stem cells)
They showed that specialized cells could be turned back into immature cells (iPS cells) capable of developing into all tissues of the body.