General Knowledge MCQs
Topic Notes: General Knowledge
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
31
Who led the team that cloned the first mammal, Dolly the sheep?
Answer:
Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell
They successfully cloned Dolly at the Roslin Institute in Scotland in 1996 using a cell from an adult sheep.
32
Who developed DNA fingerprinting (profiling)?
Answer:
Alec Jeffreys
Sir Alec Jeffreys developed DNA profiling in 1984, which revolutionized forensic science and paternity testing.
33
Who coined the term 'vitamine' (vitamin) and discovered their importance?
Answer:
Casimir Funk
Casimir Funk, a Polish biochemist, coined the term 'vitamine' in 1912 after isolating a substance (B3) that prevented pellagra.
34
Who discovered the noble gases (Argon, Neon, Krypton, Xenon)?
Answer:
William Ramsay
Sir William Ramsay discovered the noble gases in the late 19th century, adding a whole new group to the Periodic Table.
35
Who discovered hydrogen (termed 'inflammable air')?
Answer:
Henry Cavendish
Henry Cavendish discovered hydrogen in 1766 and recognized that it produces water when burned.
36
Who proposed the modern atomic theory?
Answer:
John Dalton
In the early 19th century, John Dalton proposed that all matter is composed of atoms, which differ by element and combine in fixed ratios.
37
Who developed the absolute thermodynamic temperature scale (Kelvin)?
Answer:
William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)
Lord Kelvin determined the value of absolute zero (-273.15°C) and created the scale where zero is the cessation of molecular motion.
38
Who created the Celsius temperature scale?
Answer:
Anders Celsius
Anders Celsius, a Swedish astronomer, proposed the centigrade temperature scale in 1742.
39
Who described the effect where the frequency of a wave changes for an observer moving relative to the source?
Answer:
Christian Doppler
Christian Doppler described this phenomenon, known as the Doppler Effect, in 1842 (e.g., the sound of a siren changing as it passes).
40
Who invented the electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)?
Answer:
Willem Einthoven
Willem Einthoven invented the string galvanometer and the electrocardiogram to record the electrical activity of the heart, winning a Nobel Prize in 1924.