All Categories MCQs
Topic Notes: All Categories
General Description
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
681
Which type of vaccine involves using only a piece of the pathogen, such as a protein from its surface?
Answer:
Subunit vaccine
Subunit vaccines (like the Hepatitis B vaccine) don't use the whole pathogen. They only use the most recognizable parts (the antigens). This makes them very safe because there is absolutely no way for the vaccine to cause the disease.
682
Down a group, the metallic character of elements:
Answer:
Increases
Metallic character is the tendency to lose electrons. As we move down a group, atomic size increases and ionization energy decreases, making it easier for atoms to lose valence electrons, thus increasing metallic character.
683
Which of these is a common side effect of most vaccinations?
Answer:
Mild symptoms like a sore arm, low-grade fever, or fatigue
Minor side effects are actually a sign that the vaccine is working. Fever and soreness are caused by the immune system reacting to the antigens and building up its defenses. These are usually temporary and much less severe than the actual disease.
684
The conversion of a gas into a liquid is called:
Answer:
Condensation
Condensation is the change of the physical state of matter from gas phase into liquid phase. It usually occurs when a gas is cooled or compressed.
685
Which of the following describes a 'pandemic'?
Answer:
An epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents
A pandemic is an outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale. The COVID-19 pandemic is a recent example where the virus spread rapidly across every continent, affecting millions of people worldwide.
686
Which of the following elements is a liquid at room temperature?
Answer:
Both B and C
Mercury (a metal) and Bromine (a non-metal) are the only two elements that are liquid at standard room temperature (25°C).
687
Which element has the highest electron affinity (most energy released)?
Answer:
Chlorine
Although Fluorine is more electronegative, Chlorine has the highest electron affinity. Fluorine is so small that its electrons repel the incoming electron more than in the slightly larger Chlorine atom.
688
The elements of Group 15 are collectively called:
Answer:
Pnictogens
Group 15 elements (Nitrogen family) are called pnictogens. The name comes from the Greek word 'pnigein', meaning 'to choke', referring to the properties of nitrogen gas.
689
What is the specific role of a 'vector' in the spread of diseases like Malaria or Dengue?
Answer:
It is an organism that carries and transmits a pathogen to another living being
A vector is an intermediary organism, often an arthropod like a mosquito or tick, that picks up a pathogen from one host and transmits it to another. In the case of Malaria, the female Anopheles mosquito acts as the vector for the Plasmodium parasite.
690
What is 'Vertical Transmission' in the context of passive immunity?
Answer:
When antibodies are passed from a mother to her baby through the placenta or breast milk
Natural passive immunity is often vertically transmitted. Antibodies (IgG) can cross the placenta to protect the fetus, and others (IgA) are passed through breast milk. This provides the newborn with some protection during the first few months of life.