After independence, the Muslim League split into the Indian and Pakistani branches. Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman, a veteran leader from UP who migrated to Pakistan, was elected as the first President of the Pakistan Muslim League. He worked on reorganizing the party in the new state, though his tenure was later overshadowed by the rising influence of the executive branch over the party's affairs.

Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan was a brilliant jurist and diplomat who served as Pakistan's first Foreign Minister. He was a core member of the Muslim League and was chosen by Jinnah to argue the case for the partition before the Boundary Commission. He is internationally respected for his advocacy of Palestinian rights and for becoming the only person to head both the UNGA and the ICJ.

Shaukat Hayat Khan, the son of Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, was a prominent youth leader of the Muslim League in Punjab. He was often referred to as the 'Sword of the Muslim League' by Jinnah for his dynamic and aggressive campaign against the Unionist Party and the British authorities. He played a crucial role in mobilizing the students and the rural masses of Punjab for Pakistan.

While Balochistan was managed through the Governor-General's agent for years, Lt. Gen. Riaz Hussain became the first formal Governor in 1970. However, the foundational role in the province's integration was played by activists like Qazi Isa and Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali. The demand for provincial status for Balochistan was a long-standing one that dated back to Jinnah's Fourteen Points in 1929.

Fazlur Rahman (not to be confused with the contemporary politician) was a senior leader from East Bengal and served as Pakistan's first Education Minister. He was a dedicated scholar who worked on the initial educational policies of the country and presided over the first National Education Conference in 1947, where the future direction of the country's literacy and curriculum was discussed.

Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz was a highly influential woman leader. At the 1938 Patna session of the Muslim League, she became the first woman to address the gathering, signaling the increasing role of women in the movement. She was also a member of the Indian defense council during WWII and later represented the Muslim League at the Round Table Conferences in London.

Altaf Hussain was a legendary journalist and a fierce advocate for the Pakistan Movement. Jinnah appointed him as the editor of 'Dawn' in Delhi in 1945. Under his editorship, 'Dawn' became the most powerful voice of the Muslim League, countering the propaganda of the British and Congress media. He continued to lead the newspaper in Karachi after independence, serving as a pillar of Pakistani journalism.

Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, the 4th Prime Minister of Pakistan, is credited with finalizing and implementing the 1956 Constitution. He was an experienced bureaucrat-turned-politician who managed to build a consensus between the various political factions of East and West Pakistan. This constitution officially declared Pakistan as an Islamic Republic and ended the country's status as a British Dominion.

Sir Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah was a veteran politician from Sindh. He served as the Chief Minister of Sindh during the crucial years of the Pakistan Movement and became the first Governor of Sindh after independence in 1947. He was a staunch supporter of the Muslim League and was instrumental in ensuring that the Sindh Assembly was the first to pass a resolution in favor of Pakistan in 1943.

Nawab Sadeq Mohammad Khan V of Bahawalpur was the first ruler to formally join Pakistan in October 1947. He was a great admirer of Jinnah and provided immense financial support to the fledgling state, including paying the first salaries of the federal government employees. Bahawalpur was a stable and prosperous state that became a vital part of West Pakistan.