Kandukuri Veeresalingam founded the Hitakarini Samaj in 1908. He donated his property to the Samaj to support his reform activities, particularly widow remarriage.

The Justice Party was formed in 1916-17 by T.M. Nair, P. Theagaraya Chetty, and C. Natesa Mudaliar to champion the cause of non-Brahmins and oppose Brahmin dominance in public services and politics.

Mannath Padmanabhan founded the Nair Service Society in 1914 to promote the social and educational welfare of the Nair community.

The Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha was founded by a group of English-educated Parsis including Dadabhai Naoroji, J.B. Wacha, S.S. Bengalee, and Naoroji Furdunji to reform the Zoroastrian religion.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar led the famous Kalaram Temple Satyagraha in Nashik in 1930 to assert the right of Dalits to enter Hindu temples.

Narayan Malhar Joshi, a follower of Gokhale, founded the Social Service League in Bombay in 1911 to secure better conditions for the masses.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy wrote 'Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin' (A Gift to Monotheists) in Persian in 1803, arguing against idolatry and for monotheism.

Tilak opposed the Age of Consent Act, not because he supported child marriage, but because he believed the British government should not interfere in Indian social and religious customs.

Balshastri Jambhekar, known as the father of Marathi journalism, started the first Marathi newspaper 'Darpan' in 1832.

The Radhaswami Movement was founded in 1861 by Tulsi Ram, a banker from Agra, also known as Shiv Dayal Saheb.