UN-Habitat was established in 1978 as a result of the 1976 Habitat I Conference in Vancouver. It became a specialized Programme in 1978 and later strengthened its status in 2002.

The Labs apply methodologies like sensing, exploring, and scaling to test new approaches rapidly.

The ISPS Code is a mandatory framework for security measures, added as a new chapter to the SOLAS Convention in 2002.

While the CIS deals with general cooperation, the CSTO is a specific intergovernmental military alliance formed by select CIS members (Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan).

The first AU Summit after the organization’s establishment was held in Durban, South Africa, in July 2002, marking the official launch of the AU.

The African Union was officially established on July 9, 2002, in Durban, South Africa, following the adoption of the Constitutive Act in 2000. It succeeded the Organisation of African Unity (OAU).

Polish troops seized Vilna, the capital of Lithuania. The League protested but failed to force Poland to withdraw, marking an early failure.

Vatican City (Holy See) is a sovereign state but is not a full member of the UN; it holds Permanent Observer status. Switzerland joined in 2002.

South Sudan became the 193rd member of the United Nations on July 14, 2011, following its independence from Sudan.

The Nika Riots were massive and violent uprisings in Constantinople starting at the Hippodrome. They were initially protests by the two main chariot racing factions, the Blues and the Greens, against Justinian's administration, but quickly turned into a political revolt to depose him.