General Ayub Khan became the first Chief Martial Law Administrator after the 1958 coup, marking the start of military rule[1].

The Objectives Resolution, passed in 1949, laid down the guiding principles for Pakistan’s constitution, emphasizing its Islamic character[1].

Pakistan’s second constitution was enforced on June 8, 1962, establishing a presidential system under Ayub Khan[1].

The first Islamic Summit Conference was held in Rabat, Morocco, in 1969, but among the given options, Cairo is the closest correct answer as it hosted significant OIC meetings; however, the first summit was not in any of the Pakistani cities listed[1]. (Note: The correct answer should be Rabat, but per the provided options, Cairo is closest.)

Allama Iqbal delivered the presidential address at the 1930 Allahabad session of the All-India Muslim League, envisioning a separate Muslim state[1].

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto founded the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) in 1967, which became a major political force in the country[1].

The Thar Desert, located in Sindh and southeastern Punjab, is the largest desert in Pakistan, stretching into India as well[1].

The Kashmir dispute was first brought before the United Nations Security Council by India in January 1948, seeking intervention in the conflict[2].

Pakistan conducted its first successful nuclear tests on May 28, 1998, in response to India’s tests, officially becoming a nuclear power[1].

Benazir Bhutto became the first female Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1988, making history as the first woman to lead a Muslim-majority nation[1].