#1321

Which of the following was NOT a function of the Governor-General after August 15, 1947?

(a) Giving assent to bills

(b) Acting as constitutional head

(c) Exercising 'Individual Judgment' or 'Discretion'

(d) Receiving foreign diplomats

Explanation: The powers to act in 'discretion' or 'individual judgment' (features of the 1935 Act) were removed; he had to act strictly on advice.

#1322

Who moved the 'Tryst with Destiny' resolution in the Constituent Assembly at midnight on August 14-15?

(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad

(b) Jawaharlal Nehru

(c) Sardar Patel

(d) Maulana Azad

Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru delivered the famous 'Tryst with Destiny' speech and moved the resolution.

#1323

Which of the following bodies ceased to exist after August 15, 1947?

(a) The Crown Representative

(b) The Federal Court

(c) The Reserve Bank

(d) The High Courts

Explanation: The office of the Crown Representative (which dealt with Princely States) was abolished as paramountcy lapsed.

#1324

Which new court was established by the Twenty-seventh Amendment (2025)?

(a) The Federal Shariat Court

(b) The Islamabad High Court

(c) The Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan

(d) The National Accountability Court

Explanation: Article 175(1) was amended to include the Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan [85].

#1325

According to the 27th Amendment, which military office shall stand abolished on November 27, 2025?

(a) Chief of Army Staff

(b) Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee

(c) Chief of Air Staff

(d) Naval Chief

Explanation: Article 243(5) stipulates that the office of the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee shall stand abolished on that date [113].

#1326

What is the primary seat location of the Federal Constitutional Court established by the Twenty-Seventh Amendment, 2025?

(a) Karachi

(b) Lahore

(c) Islamabad

(d) Peshawar

Explanation: The Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) has its permanent seat at Islamabad [49]. However, it may sit at other places as the Chief Justice of the FCC determines with the President's approval [50]. This court is central to the new judicial ecosystem established by the amendment [51].

#1327

Under the Twenty-Seventh Amendment, which high-ranking military post stands abolished as of November 27, 2025?

(a) Chief of the Army Staff

(b) Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee

(c) Director General of ISI

(d) Minister of Defence

Explanation: The amendment to Article 243 stipulates that the office of the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee shall stand abolished with effect from November 27, 2025 [57]. This is part of a major alteration of the military command structure [58]. Responsibilities are being transferred within the defense forces [27].

#1328

As of mid-2025, the High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) needed how many ratifications to enter into force?

(a) s of mid-2025, the High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) needed how many ratifications to enter into force?

(b) 45

(c) 60

(d) 90

Explanation: The treaty opens a path to protect biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction and enters into force after 60 ratifications; by June 2025, 49 had ratified. ([High Seas Alliance](https://highseasalliance.org/treaty-ratification/table-of-countries/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Signature and Ratification Progress Table"))

#1329

According to REN21’s 2025 Global Status Report, the world added roughly what amount of renewable power capacity in 2024 (record year)?

(a) ccording to REN21’s 2025 Global Status Report, the world added roughly what amount of renewable power capacity in 2024 (record year)?

(b) 420 GW

(c) 700+ GW

(d) 1,000 GW

Explanation: REN21 reports the largest annual increase to date—over 700 GW—signaling accelerating momentum for renewables worldwide. ([REN21](https://www.ren21.net/gsr-2025/downloads/pdf/go/GSR_2025_GO_2025_Full_Report.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "RENEWABLES 2025 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT"))

#1330

In August 2025, wind + solar supplied over one-third of electricity for the first time in which country?

(a) ugust 2025, wind + solar supplied over one-third of electricity for the first time in which country?

(b) Brazil

(c) Australia

(d) Spain

Explanation: Brazil crossed 34% from wind and solar while hydro output dipped, keeping fossil generation low and cutting power-sector emissions versus past drought years. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/13eef596389803e8b801f26e7888fb97?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Wind and solar power fuel over one-third of Brazil's electricity for first time"))

#1331

The 2025 IEA update on low-emissions hydrogen cut the 2030 output outlook by nearly:

(a) 10%

(b) 25%

(c) ut the 2030 output outlook by nearly:

(d) 60%

Explanation: The IEA lowered its 2030 projection from ~49 Mt to ~37 Mt due to cancellations, cost pressures, and policy uncertainty, though committed capacity still grows. ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/iea-cuts-2030-low-emissions-hydrogen-production-outlook-by-nearly-quarter-2025-09-12/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "IEA cuts 2030 low-emissions hydrogen production outlook by nearly a quarter"))

#1332

The global plastics treaty talks (INC-5.2, Geneva 2025) ended with:

(a) A final legally binding treaty

(b) Agreement to cap global plastic production immediately

(c) Collapse with no agreement

(d) Adoption of a voluntary code only

Explanation: Deep divisions—especially over production caps vs. downstream measures—prevented consensus, echoing the 2024 impasse at Busan. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/e73090282a22be7ff5979ea2d648dc10?utm_source=chatgpt.com "No end in sight to plastic pollution crisis as treaty negotiations in Geneva fail"))

#1333

The UN scheduled the Geneva 2025 plastics session after failure to finalize a treaty at which meeting?

(a) fter failure to finalize a treaty at which meeting?

(b) INC-5.1 Busan 2024

(c) INC-3 Nairobi 2023

(d) INC-2 Paris 2023

Explanation: After Busan stalled, UNEP set INC-5.2 for 5–14 Aug 2025 in Geneva to try to close remaining divides. ([UNEP - UN Environment Programme](https://www.unep.org/inc-plastic-pollution?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on Plastic ..."))

#1334

Following COP16, a “Cali Fund” was launched (Feb 2025) to support:

(a) Carbon capture hubs

(b) DSI benefit-sharing implementation

(c) OP16, a “Cali Fund” was launched (Feb 2025) to support:

(d) Road building in forests

Explanation: In line with COP16 Decision 16/2, the fund is hosted by the Multi-Partner Trust Fund to channel resources associated with DSI benefits. ([United Nations](https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/?p=115133&utm_source=chatgpt.com "Press Release | The Cali Fund launches in the margins of ..."))

#1335

Which statement best reflects 2024 energy-system trends summarized by IEA in 2025?

(a) Coal use surged globally in 2024

(b) est reflects 2024 energy-system trends summarized by IEA in 2025?

(c) Oil demand fell by 10% in 2024

(d) Nuclear generation collapsed in 2024

Explanation: IEA’s 2025 Global Energy Review covers 2024 data and confirms accelerating additions in renewables amid mixed fossil trends. ([IEA](https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-review-2025?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Global Energy Review 2025 – Analysis - IEA"))

#1336

In 2025, which factor most constrained scale-up of low-emissions hydrogen, per IEA?

(a) Electrolyser over-supply

(b) Project cancellations and cost gaps vs. fossil H₂

(c) onstrained scale-up of low-emissions hydrogen, per IEA?

(d) Universal carbon pricing

Explanation: The IEA cited cancellations, higher electrolyser prices, and cheap fossil alternatives delaying final investment decisions. ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/iea-cuts-2030-low-emissions-hydrogen-production-outlook-by-nearly-quarter-2025-09-12/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "IEA cuts 2030 low-emissions hydrogen production outlook by nearly a quarter"))

#1337

Brazil’s 2025 clean-power milestone occurred as which resource dipped to a four-year low share?

(a) Wind

(b) razil’s 2025 clean-power milestone occurred as which resource dipped to a four-year low share?

(c) Gas

(d) Solar

Explanation: Hydro’s reduced output created space met by rising wind and solar—collectively exceeding one-third of generation in August 2025. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/13eef596389803e8b801f26e7888fb97?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Wind and solar power fuel over one-third of Brazil's electricity for first time"))

#1338

Which plastics-treaty issue most divided negotiators in 2024–2025?

(a) Banning all plastic bags

(b) Whether to cap plastic production and chemicals of concern

(c) Ocean cleanup technologies

(d) ivided negotiators in 2024–2025?

Explanation: A core split was upstream production limits versus focusing on waste management and design standards, contributing to Geneva’s collapse. ([IISD Earth Negotiations Bulletin](https://enb.iisd.org/plastic-pollution-marine-environment-negotiating-committee-inc5.2-summary?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Summary report 5–15 August 2025 - Earth Negotiations Bulletin"))

#1339

Which of these is true of the Nature Restoration Law implementation outlook (2024–2025)?

(a) No binding targets exist

(b) Targets are advisory only

(c) Implementation by Member States is key to meeting 2030/2040/2050 milestones

(d) The law replaces all Natura 2000 sites

Explanation: Analysts emphasize that ambitious targets require robust national plans and funding to deliver real ecosystem recovery. ([CAN Europe](https://caneurope.org/content/uploads/2024/09/Nature-Restoration-Law-Essential-Progress-in-Biodiversity-and-Climate-Action-Implementation-will-be-key-v2-1.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Nature Restoration Law: Essential Progress in Biodiversity ..."))

#1340

During the CBAM transition (to end-2025), importers must primarily:

(a) Pay for CBAM certificates

(b) Report embedded emissions

(c) Purchase ETS allowances

(d) uring the CBAM transition (to end-2025), importers must primarily:

Explanation: The transitional phase builds data systems and methodologies ahead of paid compliance from 2026 onward. ([EcoVadis](https://ecovadis.com/regulations/carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism-cbam/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) | EU Import ..."))

August 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions