August 2025 Edition
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August 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#1341
The BBNJ/High Seas Treaty achieved how many ratifications by June 2025?
(a) 20
(b) BNJ/High Seas Treaty achieved how many ratifications by June 2025?
(c) 49
(d) 75
Explanation: A mid-2025 wave of ratifications pushed the count to 49, with advocates urging states to reach 60 for entry into force. ([High Seas Alliance](https://highseasalliance.org/2025/06/09/huge-wave-of-ratifications-for-high-seas-treaty-marks-historic-progress-towards-entry-into-force/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "HUGE WAVE OF RATIFICATIONS FOR ..."))
#1342
The **REN21 GSR 2025** highlighted which signal in the market?
(a) Renewables lost momentum in 2024
(b) Record-high additions and accelerating deployment
(c) No growth in solar PV
(d) Only wind grew
Explanation: The report credits policy support and cost declines for unprecedented capacity growth in 2024. ([REN21](https://www.ren21.net/gsr-2025/downloads/pdf/go/GSR_2025_GO_2025_Full_Report.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "RENEWABLES 2025 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT"))
#1343
According to IEA 2025 hydrogen analysis, which country holds the largest electrolyser manufacturing share?
(a) ccording to IEA 2025 hydrogen analysis, which country holds the largest electrolyser manufacturing share?
(b) Germany
(c) China
(d) Japan
Explanation: The IEA notes China produced ~65% of global electrolyser capacity, though overcapacity and logistics may curb exports. ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/iea-cuts-2030-low-emissions-hydrogen-production-outlook-by-nearly-quarter-2025-09-12/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "IEA cuts 2030 low-emissions hydrogen production outlook by nearly a quarter"))
#1344
Which statement best captures INC-5.2 (Geneva) dynamics in Aug 2025?
(a) Delegates swiftly adopted a binding treaty
(b) est captures INC-5.2 (Geneva) dynamics in Aug 2025?
(c) Only waste-management was debated
(d) Negotiations were canceled
Explanation: Earth Negotiations Bulletin reported limited progress on finance and scope (production, chemicals), with no final text emerging. ([IISD Earth Negotiations Bulletin](https://enb.iisd.org/plastic-pollution-marine-environment-negotiating-committee-inc5.2-summary?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Summary report 5–15 August 2025 - Earth Negotiations Bulletin"))
#1345
What major electricity mix shift did Brazil record in Aug 2025?
(a) Fossil fuels >50%
(b) Wind + solar > one-third
(c) Nuclear > 20%
(d) id Brazil record in Aug 2025?
Explanation: Diversification cushioned a hydro shortfall without spiking fossil generation. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/13eef596389803e8b801f26e7888fb97?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Wind and solar power fuel over one-third of Brazil's electricity for first time"))
#1346
In 2025, which sector trend did IEA note as **not** meeting prior hype?
(a) Offshore wind costs
(b) Low-emissions hydrogen projects reaching FID
(c) Solar PV installations
(d) id IEA note as **not** meeting prior hype?
Explanation: Only a small fraction reached final investment decision amid higher costs and policy uncertainty. ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/iea-cuts-2030-low-emissions-hydrogen-production-outlook-by-nearly-quarter-2025-09-12/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "IEA cuts 2030 low-emissions hydrogen production outlook by nearly a quarter"))
#1347
Which statement about INC-5.2 media reporting is accurate (Aug 2025)?
(a) bout INC-5.2 media reporting is accurate (Aug 2025)?
(b) Failure was attributed to disagreements over caps and chemicals of concern
(c) Negotiators agreed to end plastic bag use worldwide
(d) The US led a coalition to mandate global caps
Explanation: Multiple outlets cited divisions, with some producers opposing caps and others seeking stronger upstream controls. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/e73090282a22be7ff5979ea2d648dc10?utm_source=chatgpt.com "No end in sight to plastic pollution crisis as treaty negotiations in Geneva fail"))
#1348
Which sphere saw record renewable additions in 2024 per REN21 GSR 2025?
(a) dditions in 2024 per REN21 GSR 2025?
(b) Power sector
(c) Transport only
(d) None—additions fell
Explanation: The >700 GW added were overwhelmingly in electricity generation capacity. ([REN21](https://www.ren21.net/gsr-2025/downloads/pdf/go/GSR_2025_GO_2025_Full_Report.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "RENEWABLES 2025 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT"))
#1349
The 2025 IEA hydrogen outlook highlighted which market dynamic?
(a) Electrolyser prices fell everywhere
(b) Natural gas got cheaper in some regions, widening cost gaps
(c) China has no role in electrolysers
(d) ynamic?
Explanation: The economics favored fossil-based hydrogen in the near term, slowing low-carbon uptake. ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/iea-cuts-2030-low-emissions-hydrogen-production-outlook-by-nearly-quarter-2025-09-12/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "IEA cuts 2030 low-emissions hydrogen production outlook by nearly a quarter"))
#1350
Which country’s grid decarbonization progress in 2025 was noted for cutting power-sector emissions below prior drought years?
(a) Brazil
(b) South Africa
(c) ountry’s grid decarbonization progress in 2025 was noted for cutting power-sector emissions below prior drought years?
(d) Mexico
Explanation: Wind and solar growth reduced reliance on fossil generators even as hydro output sagged. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/13eef596389803e8b801f26e7888fb97?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Wind and solar power fuel over one-third of Brazil's electricity for first time"))
#1351
The plastics treaty timeline in 2025 was characterized by:
(a) Early conclusion and entry into force
(b) Extra session scheduled then talks failed again in August
(c) haracterized by:
(d) Regional treaties replacing global talks
Explanation: After Busan, UNEP set Geneva INC-5.2; however, negotiations ended without agreement. ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/un-sets-date-extra-session-finalize-plastics-treaty-2025-03-03/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "UN sets date for extra session to finalize plastics treaty"))
#1352
Which development did not occur by mid-2025?
(a) BBNJ ratifications surpassed 45
(b) Plastics treaty finalized
(c) COP29 set a new finance goal
(d) evelopment did not occur by mid-2025?
Explanation: Geneva talks collapsed without a final treaty; other listed events did occur. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/e73090282a22be7ff5979ea2d648dc10?utm_source=chatgpt.com "No end in sight to plastic pollution crisis as treaty negotiations in Geneva fail"))
#1353
Which of the following best summarizes the 2025 hydrogen market outlook?
(a) Strong FIDs, minimal cancellations
(b) est summarizes the 2025 hydrogen market outlook?
(c) Universal carbon pricing boosted demand
(d) Electrolyser prices halved
Explanation: The IEA emphasized cancellations/delays and policy uncertainty curbing momentum. ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/iea-cuts-2030-low-emissions-hydrogen-production-outlook-by-nearly-quarter-2025-09-12/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "IEA cuts 2030 low-emissions hydrogen production outlook by nearly a quarter"))
#1354
Which British Viceroy announced the 'August Offer' on 8th August 1940?
(a) Lord Linlithgow
(b) Lord Wavell
(c) Lord Mountbatten
(d) Lord Irwin
Explanation: Lord Linlithgow, the Viceroy of India, made the August Offer in 1940 to gain Indian support for World War II. The offer included the expansion of the Viceroy's Executive Council to include more Indians and the establishment of an advisory war council, though it was largely rejected by both the Congress and the Muslim League.
#1355
When did Lord Linlithgow announce the August Offer?
(a) 8 August 1940
(b) 8 August 1942
(c) 24 March 1942
(d) 29 June 1943
Explanation: The August Offer was announced by Viceroy Linlithgow on 8 August 1940.
#1356
What was the purpose of the August Offer?
(a) To announce elections
(b) To enhance the number of members in the Viceroy’s Executive Council
(c) To create Pakistan
(d) To end communal representation
Explanation: The August Offer expanded Indian participation in the Executive Council.
#1357
In August 1867, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was transferred to which historical city?
(a) Delhi
(b) Benares
(c) Lucknow
(d) Agra
Explanation: Sir Syed was transferred to Benares (Varanasi) on August 15, 1867. During his stay in Benares, the Urdu-Hindi controversy intensified, which deeply influenced his thoughts on the separate identity of Muslims.
#1358
The Indian Independence Act created which political entities on 15 August 1947?
(a) One dominion: India
(b) Two dominions: India and Pakistan
(c) A federal India under the Crown
(d) A republic immediately
Explanation: The Act ended British rule and created two independent dominions: India and Pakistan, effective from 15 August 1947.
#1359
Which body received full sovereign legislative powers after 15 August 1947?
(a) Viceroy’s Executive Council
(b) British Parliament
(c) Constituent Assemblies of India and Pakistan
(d) Secretary of State’s Council
Explanation: The Constituent Assemblies became fully sovereign with power to enact constitutions and laws independently.
#1360
The Indian Independence Act created which political entities on 15 August 1947?
(a) One dominion: India
(b) Two dominions: India and Pakistan
(c) A federal India under the Crown
(d) A republic immediately
Explanation: The Act ended British rule and established two independent dominions—India and Pakistan—from 15 August 1947.