#801

In September 2025, China announced its first-ever absolute emissions reduction target of what percentage by 2035?

(a) 20-25%

(b) 7-10%

(c) 50%

(d) 2%

Explanation: In a major policy shift, China pledged to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 7-10% from peak levels by 2035, positioning itself as a climate leader ahead of the UN summit.

#802

Which sectors were added to China's national Emissions Trading System (ETS) in late 2025?

(a) Agriculture and Textiles

(b) Steel, Aluminum, and Cement

(c) Technology and Services

(d) Transport and Shipping

Explanation: China expanded its carbon market coverage in 2025 to include heavy industrial sectors like steel, aluminum, and cement, significantly increasing the market's scope.

#803

Which country ratified the High Seas Treaty in September 2025, helping it cross the 60-nation threshold?

(a) United States

(b) Morocco

(c) Russia

(d) China

Explanation: Morocco (along with Sierra Leone) ratified the treaty on September 19, 2025, providing the crucial 60th ratification needed for the treaty to become international law.

#804

Which commodity saw a new EU regulation (EUDR) aimed at preventing deforestation come into effect in 2024/2025?

(a) Steel

(b) Coffee, Cocoa, and Soy

(c) Electronics

(d) Plastics

Explanation: The EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) targets commodities like cattle, cocoa, coffee, oil palm, rubber, soya, and wood to ensure they are not produced on deforested land.

#805

Tropical Cyclone Jude caused severe flooding in March 2025 in which African nation?

(a) Egypt

(b) Mozambique

(c) Nigeria

(d) Morocco

Explanation: Mozambique, frequently hit by cyclones, faced significant impacts from Tropical Cyclone Jude in March 2025.

#806

In 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) was expected to deliver a historic advisory opinion on:

(a) Territorial disputes in Antarctica

(b) States' legal obligations regarding climate change

(c) The legality of whaling

(d) Space mining rights

Explanation: The ICJ held hearings in 2024 and was expected to issue an advisory opinion in 2025 clarifying the legal obligations of states to protect the climate system.

#807

Hurricane Melissa, occurring in October 2025, primarily threatened which nation?

(a) Iceland

(b) Haiti

(c) Portugal

(d) Japan

Explanation: Forecasts and reports for the 2025 hurricane season identified Hurricane Melissa as a major storm impacting Haiti and the surrounding Caribbean region in October.

#808

What major obstacle prevented the finalization of the Global Plastics Treaty in 2025?

(a) Lack of scientific evidence

(b) Disagreement over capping plastic production

(c) Lack of funding for travel

(d) Opposition from the tourism industry

Explanation: The primary sticking point was the refusal of major oil and plastic-producing nations to agree to binding caps on the production of primary plastic polymers.

#809

Which South American river basin faced a historic drought in 2024-2025, severely affecting hydropower and transport?

(a) Orinoco

(b) Amazon

(c) Paraná

(d) Magdalena

Explanation: The Amazon basin experienced one of its most severe droughts on record, isolating communities, killing wildlife, and disrupting critical river transport.

#810

Typhoon Fung-Wong was a late-season storm in November 2025 that affected:

(a) The Philippines

(b) Thailand

(c) Indonesia

(d) Australia

Explanation: Typhoon Fung-Wong tracked towards Northern Luzon in the Philippines in November 2025.

#811

Which new US trade policy in 2025 was cited as potentially hindering global climate cooperation?

(a) Carbon Tax

(b) Higher tariffs on green technology imports

(c) Open borders for solar panels

(d) Subsidies for foreign wind farms

Explanation: Reports indicated that new US tariffs and protectionist measures could slow the deployment of green technologies and affect developing countries' ability to pursue climate action.

#812

Which country experienced extreme cold waves and heavy snowfall in its Northern regions in early 2025?

(a) Pakistan

(b) Saudi Arabia

(c) Thailand

(d) Brazil

Explanation: Pakistan's northern areas like Gilgit-Baltistan experienced extreme cold and heavy snow in the winter season of 2024-2025.

#813

The 2025 'Overshoot Commission' report focused on governance regarding:

(a) Population growth

(b) Solar Radiation Modification (Geoengineering)

(c) Mars colonization

(d) Deep sea fishing

Explanation: The Climate Overshoot Commission has been working on recommendations for governing controversial approaches like solar geoengineering to reduce climate risks.

#814

In 2025, which renewable energy source was projected to surpass coal as the largest source of electricity generation globally?

(a) Wind

(b) Solar

(c) Hydropower

(d) Renewables (combined)

Explanation: The IEA projected that renewables as a whole would overtake coal to become the largest source of global electricity generation by early 2025.

#815

Which city is scheduled to host the IUCN World Conservation Congress in 2025?

(a) Abu Dhabi, UAE

(b) Paris, France

(c) Honolulu, USA

(d) Tokyo, Japan

Explanation: The UAE won the bid to host the 2025 IUCN World Conservation Congress in Abu Dhabi.

#816

Who is the current President of Pakistan as of November 2025?

(a) Arif Alvi

(b) Asif Ali Zardari

(c) Shehbaz Sharif

(d) Yousaf Raza Gilani

Explanation: Asif Ali Zardari is serving as the President of Pakistan, having assumed office in March 2024 for a second non-consecutive term.

#817

Who is serving as the Prime Minister of Pakistan in November 2025?

(a) Imran Khan

(b) Nawaz Sharif

(c) Shehbaz Sharif

(d) Bilawal Bhutto Zardari

Explanation: Shehbaz Sharif is the current Prime Minister of Pakistan, leading the coalition government formed after the 2024 general elections.

#818

Who holds the portfolio of Foreign Minister of Pakistan as of late 2025?

(a) Bilawal Bhutto Zardari

(b) Ishaq Dar

(c) Jalil Abbas Jilani

(d) Hina Rabbani Khar

Explanation: Senator Ishaq Dar serves as the Foreign Minister of Pakistan and also holds the position of Deputy Prime Minister.

#819

Who is the current Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) as of November 2025?

(a) Qazi Faez Isa

(b) Yahya Afridi

(c) Mansoor Ali Shah

(d) Munib Akhtar

Explanation: Justice Yahya Afridi is the Chief Justice of Pakistan. He was appointed in October 2024 for a fixed three-year term under the 26th Constitutional Amendment.

#820

Who took oath as the Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in October 2025?

(a) Ali Amin Gandapur

(b) Sohail Afridi

(c) Pervez Khattak

(d) Mahmood Khan

Explanation: Sohail Afridi became the Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa on October 15, 2025, succeeding Ali Amin Gandapur.

December 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions