December 2025 Edition
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December 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#1561
Pakistan launched which communication satellite in 2025 to enhance its digital infrastructure and regional connectivity?
(a) PRSS-2
(b) PakSat-MM1
(c) Badr-C
(d) PakSat-1R
Explanation: Pakistan launched the PakSat-MM1 communication satellite in 2025. This advanced multi-mission satellite provides high-speed internet and digital services, significantly bolstering Pakistan's digital sovereignty and its capacity to share data and telecommunication services within the SAARC region.
#1562
Pakistan’s 2024-2025 economic doctrine of 'Geo-economics' prioritizes SAARC as a platform for:
(a) Military conquest
(b) Regional connectivity and transit trade
(c) Total isolation
(d) Abolishing local taxes
Explanation: Pakistan's current foreign policy shift towards Geo-economics aims to utilize SAARC for regional trade connectivity. This includes developing corridors that connect Central Asia to the Arabian Sea, benefiting the landlocked members of the organization.
#1563
The SAARC Training Centre on Urban Development is being discussed for which Pakistani city in 2025?
(a) Karachi
(b) Islamabad
(c) Lahore
(d) Quetta
Explanation: Given Islamabad's status as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, there are ongoing regional discussions to establish a SAARC Training Centre for Urban Development in the capital to share its successful waste management and green governance models.
#1564
In 2025, Pakistan's 'Digital Silk Road' initiative within the SAARC context aims to:
(a) Abolish the internet
(b) Enhance high-speed data links and e-commerce with regional neighbors
(c) Build a physical wall
(d) None of the above
Explanation: Using the capacity of PakSat-MM1, Pakistan is promoting a 'Digital Silk Road' within South Asia to facilitate cross-border e-commerce, digital payments, and high-speed data exchange, furthering the goal of regional economic integration.
#1565
What is the primary export of Pakistan to the SAARC region as of 2024-2025?
(a) Crude oil
(b) Textiles, Rice, and Surgical Goods
(c) Heavy tanks
(d) Automobiles
Explanation: Pakistan remains a leading supplier of agricultural commodities (rice), textile products, and specialized surgical instruments to its South Asian neighbors, though trade volume is often hampered by the lack of direct land routes to certain members.
#1566
The future of SAARC, according to Pakistan's 2025 foreign policy stance, depends on:
(a) Total isolation
(b) Overcoming political deadlock and implementing regional connectivity
(c) Merging with the European Union
(d) Disbanding the organization
Explanation: Pakistan consistently maintains that for SAARC to succeed, it must move past political stalemate. The 2025 policy emphasizes that the organization's future lies in its ability to implement the 'South Asian Free Trade Area' and the 'SAARC Railway Agreement' to unlock economic potential.
#1567
Which Pakistani city was declared as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, a point of pride highlighted during the SCO urban development forums?
(a) Islamabad
(b) Lahore
(c) Peshawar
(d) Karachi
Explanation: Islamabad was officially ranked as the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025. This achievement was showcased during regional discussions within the SCO framework as a model for sustainable urban development and municipal efficiency. The ranking reflects the success of robust waste management policies and environmental initiatives that align with the SCO's focus on green governance and the UN's Sustainable Development Goals.
#1568
Pakistan launched which communication satellite in 2025 that supports the SCO's goals for regional digital connectivity?
(a) PRSS-2
(b) PakSat-MM1
(c) Badr-C
(d) PakSat-1R
Explanation: Pakistan launched the PakSat-MM1 communication satellite in 2025 to enhance its digital infrastructure. This multi-mission satellite provides high-capacity data services that facilitate regional digital connectivity, e-commerce, and data sharing—themes that are central to the SCO's 2024-2025 digital agenda. The satellite helps Pakistan assert its digital sovereignty while contributing to the 'Digital Silk Road' vision within the Eurasian region.
#1569
Which Pakistani city was declared as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, a point of pride highlighted during SCO urban development forums?
(a) Islamabad
(b) Lahore
(c) Peshawar
(d) Karachi
Explanation: Islamabad was ranked as the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025. This achievement was showcased in regional SCO forums to promote sustainable urban management and green initiatives. The capital's success in waste management and preservation of green belts aligns with the SCO's focus on environmental protection and sustainable development goals.
#1570
Pakistan launched which communication satellite in 2025 to support regional connectivity goals often discussed within the SCO framework?
(a) PRSS-2
(b) PakSat-MM1
(c) Badr-C
(d) PakSat-1R
Explanation: Pakistan launched the PakSat-MM1 communication satellite in 2025. This advanced satellite enhances high-speed internet and digital services, facilitating better telecommunication and data sharing within the SCO region. This launch supports the 'Digital Silk Road' vision and helps bridge the connectivity gap between Pakistan and its North-Western SCO neighbors.
#1571
Which SCO member is Pakistan's largest supplier of discounted crude oil as of late 2024 and early 2025?
(a) China
(b) Russia
(c) Kazakhstan
(d) Uzbekistan
Explanation: Following the global shift in energy markets, Pakistan began importing discounted crude oil from Russia in 2023. By 2024 and 2025, this has become a key pillar of Pakistan's energy security strategy. The SCO provides a diplomatic framework for the two nations to settle payments and navigate international logistics challenges.
#1572
In 2025, Pakistan and Uzbekistan agreed to finalize which trilateral project that also involves Afghanistan?
(a) CPEC Phase III
(b) Trans-Afghan Railway
(c) TAPI Pipeline
(d) Indus Water Link
Explanation: The Trans-Afghan Railway project (Termez–Mazar-i-Sharif–Kabul–Peshawar) is a top priority for Pakistan and Uzbekistan. In 2025, both nations reaffirmed their commitment to this project within the SCO framework to provide landlocked Central Asian states with the shortest route to the Arabian Sea via Pakistani ports.
#1573
In 2025, which international body's President visited Pakistan and acknowledged the country's role as South Asia's digital and green leader?
(a) World Bank
(b) UN General Assembly (President of the 79th Session)
(c) NATO
(d) Interpol
Explanation: The President of the UNGA visited Pakistan in early 2025. During the visit, they lauded Pakistan's progress in sustainable urban development and its 'Digital Pakistan' vision, which align with the regional goals of both the SCO and the UN's Sustainable Development Agenda.
#1574
In 2025, Pakistan and ______ discussed a 'Sister Port' agreement between Gwadar and a major regional port?
(a) Oman
(b) Iran (Chabahar)
(c) UAE
(d) Russia
Explanation: While often seen as competitors, Pakistan and Iran have moved toward a 'sister port' arrangement between Gwadar and Chabahar. In late 2024 and 2025, discussions focused on making the two ports complementary hubs for the SCO's maritime-to-land transit routes.
#1575
What is the primary export of Pakistan to the Central Asian SCO members as of 2024-2025?
(a) Crude oil
(b) Textiles, Pharmaceuticals, and Surgical Goods
(c) Heavy tanks
(d) Wood
Explanation: Pakistan remains a leading supplier of textiles and specialized surgical instruments to the Central Asian market. Additionally, Pakistani pharmaceutical products have gained significant market share in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan due to their quality and affordable prices.
#1576
Which Pakistani city hosted the first-ever 'SCO Digital Investment Summit' in early 2025?
(a) Karachi
(b) Islamabad
(c) Lahore
(d) Peshawar
Explanation: Islamabad hosted the inaugural SCO Digital Investment Summit in 2025. The event aimed to attract venture capital from SCO nations into Pakistan's tech startup ecosystem and to promote the development of 'Smart Cities' based on the Islamabad model.
#1577
The 2024-2025 relationship between Pakistan and Central Asian SCO members is best summarized by which phrase?
(a) State of war
(b) Geo-economic Partnership and Connectivity
(c) Total economic boycott
(d) Religious merger
Explanation: Pakistan's current focus is on turning its geographical location into a 'land-bridge.' The strategy involves transit trade agreements and the development of rail and road links to Central Asia, fulfilling the economic vision of the SCO Charter.
#1578
Which Pakistani city was declared as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025?
(a) Islamabad
(b) Lahore
(c) Peshawar
(d) Karachi
Explanation: Islamabad was officially ranked as the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025. This recognition highlights the capital's success in implementing sustainable waste management policies, preserving green spaces, and maintaining high environmental standards, which are key objectives discussed in various Commonwealth municipal and environmental forums.
#1579
Pakistan launched which satellite in 2025 to boost its digital infrastructure and connectivity?
(a) PRSS-2
(b) PakSat-MM1
(c) Badr-C
(d) PakSat-1R
Explanation: Pakistan launched the PakSat-MM1 communication satellite in 2025. This advanced multi-mission satellite provides high-speed internet and digital services across the country and the region, supporting the Commonwealth's goals for bridging the digital divide and enhancing technological cooperation among member states.
#1580
How many member states are currently in the Commonwealth of Nations as of late 2025?
(a) 52
(b) 54
(c) 56
(d) 58
Explanation: As of late 2025, the Commonwealth of Nations consists of 56 member states. The organization has expanded beyond its original British Empire roots to include countries like Rwanda, Mozambique, Gabon, and Togo, who were not former British colonies. Pakistan remains one of the largest and most influential members of this diverse group.