July 2025 Edition
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July 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#3561
Consider the following statements about the global vegetable oil market as of July 2026: 1. Dalian’s most-active soyoil contract experienced a gain of 1.33%. 2. Soyoil prices on the Chicago Board of Trade increased by 0.99%. 3. Brazil has the potential to triple its palm oil planted area over the next decade. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is incorrect because soyoil prices on the Chicago Board of Trade actually dropped by 0.99%, not increased. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431640/palm-oil-hits-15-week-high-posts-third-weekly-gain, 24 Jul 2026]
#3562
Which instrument did the Reserve Bank of India likely use to offset the liquidity impact of its spot market dollar sales on July 24, 2026?
(a) Adjustment of the statutory liquidity ratio
(b) Direct purchase of government bonds
(c) Far tenor dollar-rupee buy/sell swaps
(d) Issuance of new treasury bills
Explanation: To manage the liquidity drain caused by selling dollars in the spot market, the central bank utilized far tenor dollar-rupee buy/sell swaps. This allows the bank to stabilize the currency without permanently tightening domestic rupee liquidity. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431635/intervention-shields-indian-rupee-in-face-of-oil-hedging-strain, 24 Jul 2026]
#3563
What was the approximate value of net weekly forward dollar buying by merchants in the week ending July 17, 2026?
(a) 3.1 billion dollars
(b) 11.1 billion dollars
(c) 9.1 billion dollars
(d) 7.1 billion dollars
Explanation: Clearing house data indicated that merchant forward dollar buying rebounded to approximately 7.1 billion dollars in the week ending July 17, 2026. This increased hedging activity contributed to the downward pressure on the rupee. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431635/intervention-shields-indian-rupee-in-face-of-oil-hedging-strain, 24 Jul 2026]
#3564
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the pressure on the Indian rupee as of July 24, 2026?
(a) Excessive foreign direct investment inflows
(b) Weak domestic equities
(c) Increased corporate hedging
(d) High global oil prices
Explanation: Excessive foreign direct investment inflows typically strengthen a currency rather than weaken it. The other three factors—oil prices, weak equities, and corporate hedging—are explicitly cited as sources of downward pressure on the rupee. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431635/intervention-shields-indian-rupee-in-face-of-oil-hedging-strain, 24 Jul 2026]
#3565
What is the total amount of the fine imposed by the European Commission on Google for breaching the Digital Markets Act in July 2026?
(a) 460 million euros
(b) 430 million euros
(c) 1.2 billion euros
(d) 890 million euros
Explanation: The European Commission issued two separate fines of 460 million euros and 430 million euros, totaling 890 million euros. This represents the first penalty imposed on Google under the Digital Markets Act. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018219/trump-says-eu-to-pay-very-big-price-for-google-fine, 25 Jul 2026]
#3566
Who is the Ambassador-designate of Pakistan to Libya as of July 2026?
(a) Maj-Gen (r) Mumtaz Hussain
(b) Lt-Gen (r) Asim Munir
(c) Maj-Gen (r) Faisal Shahkar
(d) None of these
Explanation: Maj-Gen (r) Mumtaz Hussain was identified as the Ambassador-designate to Libya during a seminar at the LCCI. The other names are not associated with this diplomatic appointment. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431795/pak-workforce-in-libya-declines-by-78pc-envoy, 25 Jul 2026]
#3567
Who met with the Governor of Sindh on July 25, 2026, to discuss bilateral cooperation in the healthcare sector?
(a) Dr. Kemal Aydin
(b) Dr. Ahmet Davutoglu
(c) Dr. Mehmet Oz
(d) None of these
Explanation: Dr. Kemal Aydin, Chairman of the Ibn Sina Foundation, held a meeting with the Governor of Sindh to discuss expanding cooperation in medical research and education. The other names are prominent figures but were not involved in this specific diplomatic engagement. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431850/governor-seeks-stronger-pak-turkiye-partnership-in-healthcare, 25 Jul 2026]
#3568
Which of the following statements regarding the gold market in Pakistan on July 25, 2026, is INCORRECT?
(a) The price of silver per tola increased by Rs12.
(b) The international gold price experienced a gain of $3 per ounce.
(c) The price of 10-gram gold increased by Rs257.
(d) The gold price per tola reached Rs427,736.
Explanation: The price of silver actually decreased by Rs12, not increased. Options A, B, and D are all factually correct statements regarding the market data for that date. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431764/gold-price-per-tola-gains-rs300-in-pakistan, 25 Jul 2026]
#3569
Consider the following statements about the market conditions in Pakistan on July 25, 2026: 1. The gold price per tola reached Rs427,736. 2. The international gold market saw a price increase of $3 per ounce. 3. The silver price per tola increased by Rs12. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as the price reached Rs427,736. Statement 2 is correct as the international rate rose by $3. Statement 3 is incorrect because the price of silver decreased, not increased. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431764/gold-price-per-tola-gains-rs300-in-pakistan, 25 Jul 2026]
#3570
Who is the current Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as of July 2026?
(a) Ali Amin Gandapur
(b) Faisal Karim Kundi
(c) Mushtaq Ghani
(d) None of these
Explanation: Faisal Karim Kundi is the incumbent Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Ali Amin Gandapur is the Chief Minister of the province, making him a common distractor in provincial governance questions. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431814/governor-kp-vows-to-help-resolve-issues-facing-traders, 25 Jul 2026]
#3571
Which organization's delegation met with the Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to discuss trade-related issues in July 2026?
(a) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chamber of Commerce
(b) Peoples Business Forum
(c) Sarhad Chamber of Commerce and Industry
(d) All Pakistan Traders Association
Explanation: The delegation was led by Maulana Abdul Wali Gul Turabi representing the Peoples Business Forum. The other options represent established trade bodies often involved in provincial policy discussions. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431814/governor-kp-vows-to-help-resolve-issues-facing-traders, 25 Jul 2026]
#3572
Consider the following statements about the conflict dynamics as of July 2026: 1. The US military operations were paused after the 13th night of strikes. 2. Iran has offered to broker talks between the Houthi rebels and Riyadh. 3. The conflict has remained strictly limited to US-Iran direct engagements. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: The Pentagon presented a plan for a 14th night of strikes, implying 13 nights had passed. Iran's Foreign Minister offered to broker talks between the Houthis and Riyadh, but the conflict has clearly expanded beyond direct US-Iran engagements to include regional shipping and Gulf allies. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018487/us-holds-fire-against-iran-as-reports-of-concerns-over-dwindling-munitions-emerge, 26 Jul 2026]
#3573
Consider the following statements regarding the Governor's remarks on July 25, 2026: 1. The Governor suggested that importing wheat from abroad could be considered if necessary. 2. The Governor emphasized the need for effective utilization of the province's mineral resources. 3. The Governor announced the immediate abolition of all provincial taxes on traders. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are accurate reflections of the Governor's policy stance. Statement 3 is incorrect as the Governor pledged to take up tax relief issues with relevant authorities, not to unilaterally abolish taxes. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431814/governor-kp-vows-to-help-resolve-issues-facing-traders, 25 Jul 2026]
#3574
Which regional group claimed to have downed a Saudi drone over the northwest of Yemen in July 2026?
(a) Houthi rebels
(b) Hezbollah
(c) Al-Qaeda
(d) Islamic State
Explanation: Houthi rebels reported downing a Saudi drone over Yemen and claimed responsibility for attacks on Saudi Aramco facilities in Jizan and Yanbu. The other groups listed are not involved in this specific operational theater. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018487/us-holds-fire-against-iran-as-reports-of-concerns-over-dwindling-munitions-emerge, 26 Jul 2026]
#3575
As of July 2026, which entity carries the largest burden of overdue liabilities in the gas sector?
(a) Sui Southern Gas Company
(b) Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited
(c) Pakistan State Oil
(d) None of these
Explanation: Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited (SNGPL) is explicitly identified as carrying the largest burden of overdue liabilities, totaling Rs536 billion as of July 23, 2026. Sui Southern Gas Company is a separate entity and is not cited as the primary holder of these specific overdue liabilities. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018389/gas-power-sector-dues-strain-energy-supply-chain, 26 Jul 2026]
#3576
All of the following statements regarding the market conditions on July 27, 2026, are true EXCEPT:
(a) The Federal Reserve is expected to definitely raise interest rates by 50 basis points.
(b) Bond markets received a boost from easing inflation fears.
(c) Brent crude prices experienced a decline.
(d) Yemen’s Houthis attacked Saudi oil installations.
Explanation: The market only implies a one-in-three chance of a rate hike, and analysts remain uncertain about the outcome, making the claim of a definite 50 basis point hike false. The other options accurately reflect the geopolitical and economic situation described. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431958/shares-bonds-make-guarded-gains-as-oil-slips, 27 Jul 2026]
#3577
What is the primary consequence of the liquidity crunch in the energy sector as of July 2026?
(a) Increased reliance on long-term foreign grants
(b) Reduction in domestic fuel production capacity
(c) Increased reliance on short-term bank financing
(d) None of these
Explanation: The mounting unpaid dues have forced energy entities to rely heavily on short-term bank financing, which increases debt-servicing costs and exhausts credit lines. This is a direct result of the operational liquidity constraints mentioned in the report. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018389/gas-power-sector-dues-strain-energy-supply-chain, 26 Jul 2026]
#3578
According to the Economic Survey 2025-26, what was the total wheat production in Pakistan for FY26?
(a) 28.40 million tonnes
(b) 29.61 million tonnes
(c) 31.20 million tonnes
(d) None of these
Explanation: The Economic Survey 2025-26 reported that wheat production increased to 29.61 million tonnes in FY26, up from 28.40 million tonnes in the previous fiscal year. Option A represents the production figure for FY25, making it a plausible but incorrect distractor. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018192/private-sector-rejects-govt-wheat-import-plan, 25 Jul 2026]
#3579
As of July 27, 2026, what is the primary factor contributing to the expected strengthening of the Indian rupee alongside RBI-led inflows?
(a) A significant decline in global crude oil prices
(b) An increase in domestic interest rates by the central bank
(c) A surge in foreign direct investment in the manufacturing sector
(d) None of these
Explanation: The decline in Brent crude prices, which fell to $93.02, reduces India's import bill, thereby supporting the rupee. RBI-led inflows are the secondary factor mentioned, making option A the correct primary driver. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431960/indian-rupee-set-to-rally-after-crude-drops-on-mideast-respite-rbi-led-inflows-build, 27 Jul 2026]
#3580
Consider the following statements about the Indian economic context on July 27, 2026: 1. The recent decline in oil prices is linked to a temporary de-escalation in US-Iran tensions. 2. The RBI's dollar-mobilization schemes have attracted more capital than initial market expectations. 3. India's heavy reliance on crude imports makes its currency highly sensitive to global oil price volatility. Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: All three statements are correct: the oil price drop is tied to the US-Iran pause, the $32 billion inflow exceeded expectations, and India's import dependency is a well-documented structural vulnerability for the rupee. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431960/indian-rupee-set-to-rally-after-crude-drops-on-mideast-respite-rbi-led-inflows-build, 27 Jul 2026]