July 2025 Edition
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July 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#3601
Consider the following statements about the Indian equity market recovery on July 27, 2026: 1. The recovery followed five consecutive sessions of market declines. 2. The broader small-cap and mid-cap indices both recorded gains exceeding 1%. 3. The market rally was driven by fears of an immediate supply disruption in the energy sector. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as the market snapped a five-day losing streak. Statement 2 is correct as small-caps added 1.3% and mid-caps added 1.1%. Statement 3 is incorrect because the rally was driven by the easing of fears regarding supply disruptions, not the presence of them. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431999/indian-shares-snap-losing-run-on-oil-slide-earnings-optimism, 27 Jul 2026]
#3602
What was the primary driver for the improved risk appetite that supported the yuan's rise on July 27, 2026?
(a) A sudden increase in global oil production
(b) The announcement of a massive fiscal stimulus package
(c) A halt in US-Iran attacks
(d) A significant reduction in China's external surplus
Explanation: The pause in the US bombing campaign in Iran during the weekend led to a drop in oil prices and a subsequent boost in global investor confidence. This improved risk sentiment contributed to the strengthening of the yuan against the dollar. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431978/chinas-yuan-rises-to-near-one-week-high-market-focuses-on-politburo-meeting, 27 Jul 2026]
#3603
Which of the following factors was cited as a reason for limiting the losses in palm oil prices on July 27, 2026?
(a) A surplus in global palm oil production
(b) The strengthening of the US dollar
(c) A decline in Chinese vegetable oil consumption
(d) Indonesia's B50 biodiesel mandate
Explanation: Optimism regarding higher consumption under Indonesia's B50 biodiesel mandate, alongside strong demand from China and El-Nino related supply risks, helped limit the decline in palm oil prices. Other options are either incorrect or would have exacerbated the price drop. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432000/palm-slips-more-than-1-on-weaker-crude-chinese-vegetable-oils, 27 Jul 2026]
#3604
On July 27, 2026, what was the primary factor cited for the expected rise in Indian equity markets?
(a) A sharp decline in global oil prices
(b) An unexpected interest rate cut by the Reserve Bank of India
(c) A surge in foreign direct investment inflows
(d) None of these
Explanation: The market recovery was driven by a 4.6% drop in Brent crude prices following a pause in strikes between the United States and Iran. Lower oil prices are beneficial for India as it is a major importer of the commodity. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431956/indian-shares-set-to-open-higher-breaking-losing-run-as-oil-slides, 27 Jul 2026]
#3605
Which US Congressman from Montana was part of the delegation that met with the Pakistani military leadership on July 27, 2026?
(a) Ryan Keith Zinke
(b) Michael James
(c) Mike Johnson
(d) None of these
Explanation: Congressman Ryan Keith Zinke of Montana was one of the two US representatives who visited the GHQ. Michael James of Washington was the other member of the delegation. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432023/us-lawmakers-meet-field-marshal-munir-discuss-security-economic-cooperation, 27 Jul 2026]
#3606
The meeting between the US lawmakers and the Pakistani military leadership on July 27, 2026, primarily focused on which of the following areas?
(a) Climate change mitigation
(b) Educational exchange programs
(c) Regional security and economic cooperation
(d) Space exploration technology
Explanation: The discussions centered on regional security, bilateral defence cooperation, and avenues for expanding economic engagement. These topics are central to the strategic alignment between the two nations. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432023/us-lawmakers-meet-field-marshal-munir-discuss-security-economic-cooperation, 27 Jul 2026]
#3607
Consider the following statements about the current security dynamics between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia: 1. The Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement was signed in 2025. 2. Pakistan has publicly committed to providing military aid to Saudi Arabia regardless of the circumstances. 3. Pakistan has engaged in diplomatic efforts to prevent the escalation of conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as the agreement was signed in 2025. Statement 3 is correct as Pakistan has engaged in diplomatic mediation. Statement 2 is incorrect because the spokesperson explicitly stated that commenting on the specifics of military aid would be 'speculative and irresponsible'. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/1980894/no-matter-what-no-matter-when-pms-spokesperson-reiterates-support-for-saudi-arabia-before-it-is-needed, 11 Mar 2026]
#3608
Following the de-escalation of tensions between the United States and Iran, the Indian rupee reached a high of what duration on July 27, 2026?
(a) One-week high
(b) One-month high
(c) Three-week high
(d) Two-week high
Explanation: The Indian rupee hit a two-week high on July 27, 2026, supported by lower oil prices and restored foreign investor flows. Other durations are incorrect based on the market report. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431999/indian-shares-snap-losing-run-on-oil-slide-earnings-optimism, 27 Jul 2026]
#3609
Consider the following statements about the economic indicators on July 27, 2026: 1. The Pakistani Rupee recorded a gain of Re0.01 against the US Dollar in the inter-bank market. 2. The State Bank of Pakistan increased the policy rate to 12.5%. 3. Brent crude futures fell by approximately 6% during the session. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as the Rupee gained Re0.01. Statement 2 is incorrect because the policy rate was maintained at 11.5%, not increased. Statement 3 is correct as Brent crude fell by about 6% to $90.93. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40431965/pakistani-rupee-registers-gain-against-us-dollar, 27 Jul 2026]
#3610
On July 27, 2026, the benchmark palm oil contract for October delivery on the Bursa Malaysia Derivatives Exchange closed at:
(a) 4,250 ringgit
(b) 4,673 ringgit
(c) 4,890 ringgit
(d) None of these
Explanation: The benchmark palm oil contract for October delivery fell by 49 ringgit to close at 4,673 ringgit per metric ton on July 27, 2026. This decline followed a period where the commodity had reached a 15-week high. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432000/palm-slips-more-than-1-on-weaker-crude-chinese-vegetable-oils, 27 Jul 2026]
#3611
Consider the following statements about Pakistan's external debt management for FY27: 1. The total external debt servicing requirement is lower than that of FY26. 2. Approximately $10-11 billion of the principal debt is expected to be rolled over or refinanced. 3. The SBP Governor reported that $6 billion of the total debt servicing was already settled by the end of July 2026. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: All three statements are factually accurate based on the SBP Governor's briefing. The total debt servicing decreased from $26.5 billion in FY26 to $21.5 billion in FY27, with $6 billion already settled in July 2026. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432030/pakistans-fy27-external-debt-servicing-projected-at-215bn-sbp-governor, 27 Jul 2026]
#3612
Consider the following statements about the Indian bond market and economic indicators as of July 27, 2026: 1. The 10-year Treasury yield eased to 4.64%. 2. The most liquid five-year swap rate dropped to settle at 6.36%. 3. Analysts at Capital Economics identified strong monsoon rainfall as a primary driver for economic growth. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are factually correct based on the market data provided. Statement 3 is incorrect because analysts identified weak, not strong, monsoon rainfall as a potential inflation risk. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432016/india-10-year-bond-yield-logs-biggest-plunge-in-2-months-as-oil-rally-falters, 27 Jul 2026]
#3613
Which factor was primarily responsible for the sharp decline in Indian bond yields on July 27, 2026?
(a) A surge in monsoon rainfall
(b) A sudden increase in the current-account deficit
(c) An immediate hike in Federal Reserve rates
(d) A decline in crude oil prices
Explanation: The decline in bond yields was driven by a sharp drop in crude oil prices following a pause in US-Iran hostilities. Higher oil prices typically increase inflationary pressure and worsen the current-account balance, which would otherwise push yields higher. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432016/india-10-year-bond-yield-logs-biggest-plunge-in-2-months-as-oil-rally-falters, 27 Jul 2026]
#3614
The decline in palm oil prices on July 27, 2026, was primarily attributed to a heavy decline in which of the following?
(a) Gold reserves
(b) Energy futures
(c) Textile exports
(d) Interest rates
Explanation: Palm oil prices are closely linked to energy futures because palm oil is used as a feedstock for biodiesel. A drop in crude oil prices makes palm oil less competitive as a fuel alternative, leading to a decline in its market value. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432000/palm-slips-more-than-1-on-weaker-crude-chinese-vegetable-oils, 27 Jul 2026]
#3615
Consider the following statements about the global vegetable oil market as of July 27, 2026: 1. Palm oil prices are influenced by the price movements of rival edible oils. 2. The strengthening of the currency of trade generally makes a commodity more expensive for foreign buyers. 3. Geopolitical de-escalation in the Strait of Hormuz contributed to a rise in crude oil prices. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct as palm oil competes in the global market with other oils. Statement 2 is correct as a stronger currency increases the cost for buyers using foreign currency. Statement 3 is incorrect because the de-escalation in the Strait of Hormuz led to a decline in crude oil prices, not a rise. [Source: https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432000/palm-slips-more-than-1-on-weaker-crude-chinese-vegetable-oils, 27 Jul 2026]
#3616
What is the new price of petrol per litre following the government's adjustment on July 27, 2026?
(a) Rs520.35
(b) Rs386.83
(c) Rs458.41
(d) Rs334.18
Explanation: Following the adjustment announced on July 27, 2026, the price of petrol was set at Rs334.18 per litre. The other figures represent either the price of HSD or historical peak prices mentioned in the report. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018803/govt-decreases-petrol-price-by-re1-increases-hsd-price-by-rs337, 27 Jul 2026]
#3617
Which of the following US Congressmen was part of the delegation that visited Pakistan in July 2026?
(a) Ryan Keith Zinke
(b) Michael McCaul
(c) Brad Sherman
(d) None of these
Explanation: Ryan Keith Zinke, representing Montana, was one of the two US congressmen who visited Pakistan. Michael James was the other member of the delegation, making 'None of these' incorrect as Zinke is explicitly listed. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018779/in-meeting-with-cdf-munir-us-congressmen-acknowledge-pakistans-critical-role-in-regional-stability-ispr, 27 Jul 2026]
#3618
Consider the following statements about the visit of the US delegation in July 2026: 1. The delegation met with the Governor of Punjab in Lahore. 2. The US congressmen expressed that the bilateral relationship has never been better. 3. The delegation visited the mausoleum of Allama Iqbal during their stay in Islamabad. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All three
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct as the delegation met the Punjab Governor and Zinke remarked on the strength of the relationship. Statement 3 is incorrect because the mausoleum of Allama Iqbal is located in Lahore, not Islamabad. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018779/in-meeting-with-cdf-munir-us-congressmen-acknowledge-pakistans-critical-role-in-regional-stability-ispr, 27 Jul 2026]
#3619
What is the target inflation range set by the State Bank of Pakistan as mentioned in the July 2026 report?
(a) 3-5 percent
(b) 9-11 percent
(c) 7-9 percent
(d) 5-7 percent
Explanation: The SBP maintains a target inflation range of 5-7 percent. Current inflation levels of 11.1 percent are well above this threshold, necessitating a restrictive monetary policy. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018929/policy-rate-pause-splits-stakeholders, 28 Jul 2026]
#3620
What was the policy rate maintained by the State Bank of Pakistan as of July 28, 2026?
(a) 9.5 percent
(b) 10.5 percent
(c) 11.5 percent
(d) 12.5 percent
Explanation: The State Bank of Pakistan decided to keep the benchmark interest rate at 11.5 percent in its July 2026 review. This decision was made to balance macroeconomic stability against the demands for industrial growth. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2018929/policy-rate-pause-splits-stakeholders, 28 Jul 2026]