#761

Which city will host the 2025 IUCN World Conservation Congress?

(a) Abu Dhabi

(b) Marseille

(c) Hawaii

(d) Jeju

Explanation: The United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi) won the bid to host the 2025 IUCN World Conservation Congress, the world's largest conservation event.

#762

Who served as the President of the 79th Session of the UN General Assembly (2024-2025)?

(a) Dennis Francis

(b) Philemon Yang

(c) Csaba Kőrösi

(d) Abdulla Shahid

Explanation: Philemon Yang, a former Prime Minister of Cameroon, was elected to serve as the President of the 79th session of the UN General Assembly, which opened in September 2024.

#763

Which country was elected to the UN Security Council as a non-permanent member for the 2025-2026 term representing the Asia-Pacific group?

(a) India

(b) Pakistan

(c) Japan

(d) Indonesia

Explanation: Pakistan was elected to the UN Security Council in June 2024 as a non-permanent member for a two-year term starting January 1, 2025.

#764

Who is the current Managing Director of the IMF (as of 2025)?

(a) Christine Lagarde

(b) Kristalina Georgieva

(c) Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala

(d) David Malpass

Explanation: Kristalina Georgieva was re-appointed for a second five-year term as Managing Director of the IMF starting October 1, 2024.

#765

In 2024, the UN General Assembly declared 2025 as the International Year of:

(a) Glaciers' Preservation

(b) Quantum Science and Technology

(c) Camelids

(d) Peace and Trust

Explanation: The UNGA declared 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers' Preservation. (Note: 2025 is also the Year of Cooperatives and Quantum Science in various resolutions, but Glaciers was a major environmental focus).

#766

The 'iCET' initiative, which saw expanded cooperation in 2024-2025, is a technology partnership between:

(a) USA and China

(b) USA and India

(c) EU and Japan

(d) Russia and Brazil

Explanation: The Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET) is a flagship framework between the USA and India to foster cooperation in space, semiconductors, defense, and telecommunications.

#767

In 2025, India and the United States signed a new defense framework agreement valid for how many years?

(a) 5 years

(b) 10 years

(c) 20 years

(d) Permanent

Explanation: The US and India signed a new 10-year defense framework in 2025 to deepen cooperation in domains like space, cyber, and military interoperability.

#768

Which country is scheduled to host the Quad Leaders' Summit in 2025?

(a) United States

(b) Japan

(c) Australia

(d) India

Explanation: Following the US hosting in 2024, India agreed to host the Quad Leaders' Summit in 2025.

#769

Who serves as the President of the European Commission, driving the 'de-risking' strategy towards China in 2024-2025?

(a) Charles Michel

(b) Ursula von der Leyen

(c) Roberta Metsola

(d) Olaf Scholz

Explanation: Ursula von der Leyen was re-elected for a second term in 2024 and has been a key proponent of 'de-risking' (reducing economic dependency) rather than 'de-coupling' from China.

#770

Which country is the host of the APEC Summit in 2025?

(a) United States

(b) Peru

(c) South Korea

(d) Vietnam

Explanation: South Korea is scheduled to host the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit in 2025.

#771

Which leader was re-elected for a third term as the Prime Minister of India in June 2024?

(a) Rahul Gandhi

(b) Narendra Modi

(c) Amit Shah

(d) Mamata Banerjee

Explanation: Narendra Modi secured a third consecutive term as Prime Minister after the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) won the 2024 Lok Sabha elections.

#772

Halla Tómasdóttir was elected as the President of which country in June 2024?

(a) Norway

(b) Iceland

(c) Estonia

(d) Latvia

Explanation: Halla Tómasdóttir, a businessperson and investor, won the presidential election in Iceland in June 2024.

#773

Peter Pellegrini was inaugurated as the President of which country in June 2024?

(a) Hungary

(b) Slovakia

(c) Czech Republic

(d) Slovenia

Explanation: Peter Pellegrini, an ally of Prime Minister Robert Fico, was elected President of Slovakia in April and inaugurated in June 2024.

#774

According to the IMF's late 2024/2025 projections, global GDP growth for 2025 is forecast to be approximately:

(a) 2.1%

(b) 3.2%

(c) 4.5%

(d) 1.5%

Explanation: The IMF projected global growth to stabilize at around 3.2% in 2025, maintaining a steady but slow pace similar to 2024.

#775

Which major US-Africa trade legislation expired on September 30, 2025, raising questions about future trade relations?

(a) The Prosper Africa Act

(b) The African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA)

(c) The US-Africa Free Trade Agreement

(d) The Power Africa Initiative

Explanation: The African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), a cornerstone of US economic policy in Africa offering duty-free access, officially expired in September 2025.

#776

Which central bank moved more aggressively to cut interest rates in 2025 compared to the US Federal Reserve?

(a) Bank of Japan

(b) European Central Bank (ECB)

(c) Reserve Bank of Australia

(d) Central Bank of Brazil

Explanation: The ECB cut rates more aggressively in 2025 (reaching around 2.75%) due to weaker growth in the Eurozone, while the Fed moved slower due to sticky US inflation.

#777

In 2025, global public debt was estimated to have exceeded which symbolic threshold?

(a) $50 trillion

(b) $80 trillion

(c) $100 trillion

(d) $150 trillion

Explanation: Global public debt reached a record high of over $100 trillion ($102 trillion) by 2024/2025, driven by borrowing in both developed and developing markets.

#778

The 'Digital Euro' project concluded its preparation phase in October 2025 and moved to which next stage?

(a) Immediate public launch

(b) Cancellation

(c) Building technical capacity and infrastructure

(d) Replacing physical cash entirely

Explanation: The ECB decided in late 2025 to move the digital euro to the next phase, focusing on building technical capacity and infrastructure ahead of a potential future issuance.

#779

Which major economy was projected to have the highest GDP growth rate among large economies in 2025, at over 6%?

(a) China

(b) United States

(c) India

(d) Germany

Explanation: India remained the fastest-growing major economy, with growth projections remaining above 6% (approx. 6.5%) for 2025.

#780

The expiry of the 'Black Sea Grain Initiative' led to increased volatility in which global commodity market in 2024-2025?

(a) Crude Oil

(b) Wheat and Food Grains

(c) Semiconductors

(d) Rare Earth Metals

Explanation: The collapse of the grain deal affected global food security and prices, particularly for wheat and corn exports from Ukraine.

June 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions