#841

In 2025, the government increased the number of Supreme Court judges from 17 to:

(a) 21

(b) 25

(c) 34

(d) 29

Explanation: The government passed a bill to increase the sanctioned strength of the Supreme Court to 34 judges to clear the massive backlog of cases.

#842

Under the new 'Hajj Policy 2025', what new facility is prioritized?

(a) Hajj on cruise ships

(b) Installment-based Hajj payment scheme

(c) Free Hajj for everyone

(d) Virtual Hajj

Explanation: The policy introduced an option to pay Hajj dues in installments to make it easier for pilgrims to manage the cost.

#843

As of November 2025, what is the policy rate set by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP)?

(a) 22%

(b) 17.5%

(c) 15%

(d) 11%

Explanation: Following a period of economic stabilization and declining inflation, the State Bank of Pakistan's Monetary Policy Committee maintained the policy rate at 11% in its meeting held in late 2025.

#844

Which major state-owned entity is set to have 75% of its shares privatized as of November 2025?

(a) Pakistan Steel Mills

(b) Pakistan International Airlines (PIA)

(c) Pakistan Railways

(d) State Life Insurance

Explanation: The government has finalized the plan to privatize 75% of Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), with the bidding process involving pre-qualified consortiums initiated in late 2025.

#845

Which international financial institution reached a staff-level agreement with Pakistan for the Second Review of the EFF in October 2025?

(a) World Bank

(b) Asian Development Bank (ADB)

(c) International Monetary Fund (IMF)

(d) Islamic Development Bank (IsDB)

Explanation: The IMF reached a staff-level agreement with Pakistan in October 2025 regarding the Second Review of the 37-month Extended Fund Facility (EFF).

#846

What was the projected Real GDP growth rate for Pakistan for the year 2025 as per major economic outlooks?

(a) 1.5%

(b) 2.7%

(c) 4.5%

(d) 6.0%

Explanation: Economic projections by institutions like the IMF and ADB forecasted Pakistan's Real GDP growth to be approximately 2.7% for the fiscal year 2025.

#847

The projected inflation rate (average consumer prices) for Pakistan in 2025 is approximately:

(a) 25%

(b) 12%

(c) 4.5%

(d) 2.0%

Explanation: Following strict monetary tightening, inflation was projected to decline significantly, averaging around 4.5% for the year 2025 according to major economic outlooks.

#848

The 'Gwadar Maritime Action Plan 2025-2029' unveiled under CPEC includes the completion of:

(a) Gwadar International Airport

(b) Gwadar Cricket Stadium

(c) Gwadar Theme Park

(d) Gwadar Shopping Festival

Explanation: The plan prioritizes the full integration and operationalization of the New Gwadar International Airport to transform Gwadar into a regional logistics hub.

#849

In 2025, the 'Pension Scheme' for new government employees was shifted to:

(a) Defined Benefit (Legacy)

(b) Contributory Pension Scheme

(c) No Pension

(d) Golden Handshake only

Explanation: To manage the fiscal burden, the government introduced a Contributory Pension Scheme for new entrants, where employees contribute to their own retirement fund.

#850

Which AI model, detailed in Nature Medicine in September 2025, was reported to outperform WHO recommendations in predicting flu vaccine strains?

(a) AlphaFold 3

(b) VaxSeer

(c) Gemini 2.0

(d) BioMistral

Explanation: VaxSeer, a new machine-learning platform detailed in Nature Medicine in September 2025, outperformed WHO recommendations by accurately matching dominant flu strains in retrospective tests, offering a potentially more accurate alternative for vaccine formulation.

#851

In November 2025, the FDA approved which drug for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer with specific HER2 mutations?

(a) Hyrnuo (sevabertinib)

(b) Redemplo (plozasiran)

(c) Komzifti (ziftomenib)

(d) Lynkuet (elinzanetant)

Explanation: On November 19, 2025, the FDA approved Hyrnuo (sevabertinib) for treating adults with locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring activating HER2 tyrosine kinase domain mutations.

#852

Which major tech company unveiled significant updates to its humanoid robot 'Optimus' in October 2025, highlighting improvements in dexterity and balance?

(a) Boston Dynamics

(b) Tesla

(c) Google DeepMind

(d) Figure AI

Explanation: Tesla unveiled updates to its Optimus humanoid robot in October 2025, demonstrating enhanced physical capabilities such as better balance, object manipulation, and autonomous navigation for factory and logistics applications.

#853

Researchers from UC Davis engineered which crop in November 2025 to encourage soil bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen into fertilizer, potentially reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers?

(a) Rice

(b) Corn

(c) Wheat

(d) Soybean

Explanation: In November 2025, UC Davis researchers announced they had engineered wheat to secrete compounds that trigger soil bacteria to fix atmospheric nitrogen, creating a natural fertilizer system that could lower agricultural emissions.

#854

What specifically does the drug 'Redemplo' (plozasiran), approved by the FDA in November 2025, target in adults?

(a) High cholesterol

(b) High triglycerides

(c) Hypertension

(d) High blood sugar

Explanation: Redemplo (plozasiran) was approved by the FDA in November 2025 specifically to reduce triglycerides in adults with familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), a rare genetic disorder.

#855

A November 2025 study revealed that venom from which creature could be used to develop molecules that kill breast cancer cells as effectively as chemotherapy?

(a) Blue-ringed octopus

(b) King Cobra

(c) Amazonian scorpion

(d) Cone snail

Explanation: Research published in November 2025 showed that molecules derived from the venom of an Amazonian scorpion could kill breast cancer cells with efficacy comparable to chemotherapy, offering a new potential avenue for cancer treatment.

#856

Which drug was approved by the FDA in November 2025 for treating relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a susceptible nucleophosmin 1 mutation?

(a) Komzifti (ziftomenib)

(b) Wayrilz (rilzabrutinib)

(c) Inluriyo (imlunestrant)

(d) Vizz (aceclidine)

Explanation: Komzifti (ziftomenib) received FDA approval in November 2025 for treating adults with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia who have a specific nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutation.

#857

In September 2025, West Virginia University scientists successfully used AI to detect which condition in rural patients using low-tech ECG data?

(a) Atrial Fibrillation

(b) Heart Failure

(c) Coronary Artery Disease

(d) Valve Stenosis

Explanation: Scientists at West Virginia University developed AI models that could detect signs of heart failure using simple ECG data, significantly improving early diagnosis rates for underserved rural populations.

#858

What is the primary function of the drug 'Lynkuet' (elinzanetant), which was approved by the FDA in October 2025?

(a) Treating migraines

(b) Treating vasomotor symptoms of menopause

(c) Treating osteoporosis

(d) Treating insomnia

Explanation: Lynkuet (elinzanetant) was approved in October 2025 as a non-hormonal treatment for moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms, commonly known as hot flashes, associated with menopause.

#859

Which tool, described in Nature Communications in 2025, uses AI to identify relevant clinical trials for patients and explain their eligibility?

(a) TrialGPT

(b) ClinicalAI

(c) MediMatch

(d) PharmaBot

Explanation: TrialGPT is an AI algorithm highlighted in 2025 that successfully identifies relevant clinical trials for patients and provides summaries explaining how they meet the enrollment criteria, facilitating better access to experimental treatments.

#860

Researchers in November 2025 created a 'miniature' version of which human body system to study blood production and diseases like leukemia?

(a) Liver

(b) Bone Marrow

(c) Spleen

(d) Lymph Node

Explanation: Scientists successfully engineered a miniature human bone marrow system in the lab in November 2025. This organoid mirrors the real structure of bone marrow and supports blood cell production, providing a new model for studying blood diseases.

June 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions