#921

The 'NVS-02' satellite launched by ISRO in 2025 is part of which system?

(a) Earth Observation

(b) NavIC (Navigation)

(c) Weather Forecasting

(d) Spy/Intelligence

Explanation: NVS-02 is a second-generation satellite for NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), India's regional navigation system.

#922

In the 2025 astronaut class announcement, how many new candidates did NASA introduce?

(a) 4

(b) 6

(c) 10

(d) 12

Explanation: NASA introduced a new class of astronaut candidates (often around 6-10 members, but specific 2025 reports usually cite a small, elite group). *Self-correction: The snippet didn't give the exact number, just '2025 astronaut candidates'. I will avoid the number if unsure, or stick to the snippet context.* Let's use a different fact. NASA introduced its 2025 class to support which program? Answer: Artemis.

#923

The 'CMS-03' satellite, launched by ISRO in Nov 2025, serves what primary purpose?

(a) Navigation

(b) Communication

(c) Remote Sensing

(d) Astronomy

Explanation: CMS-03 is a communication satellite launched to enhance India's communication infrastructure.

#924

Which new NASA space telescope is planned to survey the sky in near-infrared light starting around 2025?

(a) Roman Space Telescope

(b) SPHEREx

(c) HabEx

(d) LUVOIR

Explanation: SPHEREx (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer) is planned for launch around 2025 to survey the sky.

#925

Updates in 2025 confirmed that the Russian Orbital Station (ROS) will operate in which type of orbit?

(a) Equatorial

(b) Sun-Synchronous / Polar

(c) Geostationary

(d) Retrograde

Explanation: ROS is planned for a high-latitude, sun-synchronous/polar orbit to monitor the entire surface of Earth, especially the Arctic region.

#926

In 2025, which telescope confirmed the universe's expansion might be 'slowing down' (contradicting some dark energy models)?

(a) Hubble

(b) DESI (Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument) / New studies

(c) Chandra

(d) Kepler

Explanation: New data (often cited from DESI or similar surveys in 2024/2025) hinted that dark energy might be weakening, suggesting the acceleration of the universe could be slowing.

#927

In 2025, 'Starlink' satellite coverage was boosted by the 100th launch of the year. Who operates Starlink?

(a) Amazon

(b) SpaceX

(c) OneWeb

(d) Google

Explanation: Starlink is the satellite internet constellation operated by SpaceX.

#928

The 'New Glenn' rocket, which debuted in 2025, is named after which astronaut?

(a) Neil Armstrong

(b) John Glenn

(c) Buzz Aldrin

(d) Alan Shepard

Explanation: Blue Origin's rocket is named after John Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth.

#929

Which company's 'Dream Chaser' spaceplane was preparing for its first mission to the ISS in the 2025 timeframe?

(a) Boeing

(b) Sierra Space

(c) Northrop Grumman

(d) Virgin Galactic

Explanation: Sierra Space is the developer of the Dream Chaser, a reusable lifting-body spaceplane designed to transport cargo to the ISS.

#930

The United Nations designated 2025 as the International Year of which environmental feature?

(a) Coral Reefs

(b) Glaciers' Preservation

(c) Tropical Forests

(d) Sustainable Wetlands

Explanation: The UN General Assembly declared 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers' Preservation to raise awareness about the rapid melting of glaciers and its impact on water security.

#931

Which Brazilian city was selected to host the landmark COP30 climate summit in November 2025?

(a) Rio de Janeiro

(b) São Paulo

(c) Belém

(d) Brasília

Explanation: Belém, a city located at the gateway to the Amazon rainforest, was selected to host COP30 in 2025, highlighting the critical importance of protecting the Amazon biome.

#932

What significant milestone for renewable energy was projected by the International Energy Agency (IEA) to occur in 2025?

(a) Solar energy becoming the largest source of electricity

(b) Renewables overtaking coal as the largest source of global electricity generation

(c) Wind power surpassing nuclear energy globally

(d) Hydroelectric power doubling its capacity

Explanation: The IEA projected that renewable energy sources would overtake coal to become the largest source of global electricity generation by early 2025, marking a historic shift in the energy sector.

#933

In 2025, Pakistan's Ministry of Climate Change focused heavily on demanding what type of financial support at global forums?

(a) High-interest loans

(b) Grant-based climate financing

(c) Private equity investments

(d) Crypto-currency donations

Explanation: Pakistan consistently demanded 'grant-based' climate financing rather than loans, arguing that vulnerable nations should not incur more debt to pay for climate disasters they did not cause.

#934

What was the theme of World Wildlife Day 2025?

(a) Recovering Key Species

(b) Wildlife Conservation Finance: Investing in People and Planet

(c) Life Below Water

(d) Forests and Livelihoods

Explanation: The theme for World Wildlife Day 2025 was 'Wildlife Conservation Finance: Investing in People and Planet,' highlighting the need for innovative funding solutions to protect biodiversity.

#935

Which country launched the 'International Big Cat Alliance' (IBCA) which gained further traction in 2024/2025?

(a) South Africa

(b) India

(c) Brazil

(d) Kenya

Explanation: India launched the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) to conserve seven big cat species. The initiative continued to gather international support and members throughout 2024 and 2025.

#936

What major air quality issue did Lahore and New Delhi face in November 2024 and 2025, reaching hazardous levels?

(a) Sandstorms

(b) Smog

(c) Acid Rain

(d) Ozone depletion

Explanation: Both Lahore and New Delhi experienced record-breaking smog levels in November 2024 and again in 2025, driven by crop burning, vehicular emissions, and stagnant weather conditions.

#937

In 2025, which region was highlighted by the WMO as heating up faster than the global average?

(a) Europe

(b) Antarctica only

(c) The Arctic

(d) Central Africa

Explanation: WMO reports have consistently highlighted that Europe is the fastest-warming continent, heating up at twice the global average rate since the 1980s.

#938

Which invasive species continued to be a major threat to the Indus River ecosystem in 2025?

(a) Water Hyacinth

(b) Cane Toad

(c) Lionfish

(d) Zebra Mussel

Explanation: Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) remains a persistent invasive species in Pakistan's waterways, including the Indus basin, clogging canals and affecting aquatic life.

#939

In November 2025, Pakistan used 'Artificial Rain' technology to combat smog in which city?

(a) Karachi

(b) Lahore

(c) Islamabad

(d) Peshawar

Explanation: Following successful trials in previous years, the Punjab government again utilized artificial rain (cloud seeding) in November 2025 to temporarily reduce hazardous smog levels in Lahore.

#940

Which major river basin in South America experienced a historic drought in 2024/2025?

(a) Orinoco

(b) Amazon

(c) Paraná

(d) Magdalena

Explanation: The Amazon River basin faced an unprecedented drought in 2024 and 2025, with water levels dropping to record lows, isolating communities and killing freshwater dolphins.

October 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions