#941

Which country is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in absolute terms as of 2025?

(a) USA

(b) India

(c) China

(d) Russia

Explanation: China remains the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases in absolute terms, although its per capita emissions are lower than those of the United States.

#942

In 2025, the 'EU Deforestation Regulation' (EUDR) faced debates regarding its implementation. What does it target?

(a) Banning all paper products

(b) Prohibiting imports of commodities linked to deforestation (coffee, cocoa, soy, etc.)

(c) Stopping forest fires in Europe

(d) Planting trees in the Sahara

Explanation: The EUDR aims to ban the import of commodities like coffee, cocoa, soy, palm oil, and beef into the EU if they are produced on land that was deforested after December 2020.

#943

In 2025, which sector was identified as the fastest-growing source of greenhouse gas emissions globally?

(a) Agriculture

(b) Aviation and Shipping

(c) Textiles

(d) Forestry

Explanation: The international transport sector, specifically aviation and shipping, continues to be identified as one of the fastest-growing sources of emissions, with hard-to-abate challenges.

#944

Which major joint satellite mission between NASA and ISRO was launched in July 2025 to monitor Earth's changing ecosystems and ice masses?

(a) Gagan-1

(b) NISAR

(c) Artemis III

(d) Trishna

Explanation: The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission was launched in July 2025. It is a joint project to co-develop and launch a dual-frequency synthetic aperture radar satellite for observing Earth's complex processes.

#945

In November 2025, ISRO launched which communication satellite using the LVM3 launch vehicle?

(a) CMS-03

(b) GSAT-24

(c) INSAT-4B

(d) RISAT-2

Explanation: ISRO launched the CMS-03 communication satellite on November 2, 2025, using the LVM3-M5 vehicle, aimed at enhancing communication capabilities.

#946

Which operating system, released by Google in June 2025, introduced 'Desktop Windowing' for tablets to improve multitasking?

(a) Android 15

(b) Android 16

(c) ChromeOS 12

(d) Fuchsia OS

Explanation: Android 16 was officially released in June 2025. One of its key features for tablets and large screens is 'Desktop Windowing,' allowing users to run multiple apps in resizable windows similar to a desktop environment.

#947

What is the name of the new digital identity initiative launched by NADRA in 2025 that allows Pakistani citizens to store their ID on mobile phones?

(a) Pak-Identity Plus

(b) NADRA Digital ID

(c) E-Citizen Pak

(d) Smart CNIC App

Explanation: In 2025, NADRA introduced the 'NADRA Digital ID' (via the Pak ID app), allowing citizens to carry a secure digital version of their CNIC on their smartphones for verification and services.

#948

Which viral social media app, popular among Gen Z in 2025, is described as a 'mashup of Twitter and Myspace' with customizable text-based profiles?

(a) BeReal

(b) Noplace

(c) Ten Ten

(d) Lemon8

Explanation: Noplace became a viral sensation in 2025, appealing to Gen Z with its colorful, customizable text-based profiles and a focus on social updates, drawing comparisons to a mix of Twitter and Myspace.

#949

Which Pakistan Railways app received significant updates in 2025 to facilitate digital ticketing and seat reservation?

(a) PakRail Live

(b) Rabta

(c) TrainTrack

(d) RailSafar

Explanation: The 'Rabta' app is Pakistan Railways' official platform for automated booking and travel assistance. It saw operational updates and feedback iterations in 2025 to streamline ticketing.

#950

In 2025, which US-based supercomputer was recognized as the first to officially break the 'exascale' barrier and remains a benchmark for AI workloads?

(a) Summit

(b) Frontier

(c) Sierra

(d) Fugaku

Explanation: Frontier, located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, is the world's first supercomputer to officially break the exascale barrier (1 quintillion calculations per second) and remained a top performer in 2025.

#951

The 'Digital Nation Pakistan Act 2025' aims to establish which centralized body to oversee the country's digital transformation?

(a) Pakistan Cyber Authority

(b) National Digital Commission

(c) E-Governance Bureau

(d) Digital Rights Foundation

Explanation: The Act proposes the establishment of a 'National Digital Commission' (and a Pakistan Digital Authority) to provide strategic direction and operational oversight for the country's digitization.

#952

Which major subsea cable system, with landings in Egypt and Pakistan, operationalized key segments in 2025 to boost internet capacity?

(a) SeaMeWe-3

(b) 2Africa

(c) I-ME-WE

(d) TW-1

Explanation: The '2Africa' cable, one of the longest in the world, continued operationalizing segments in 2025, including key landings in the Middle East and Africa, significantly boosting connectivity.

#953

Which specific Apple operating system update, expected in September 2025, is rumored to feature a camera app inspired by VisionOS?

(a) iOS 18

(b) iOS 19

(c) iPadOS 18

(d) macOS Sequoia

Explanation: iOS 19, anticipated for release in September 2025, is rumored to include a redesigned Camera app with visual elements and functionality inspired by Apple's VisionOS.

#954

The 'Uraan Pakistan' initiative, highlighted in 2025, includes 'E-Pakistan' as a pillar to focus on which area?

(a) Electric Vehicles

(b) Digital Transformation and IT Exports

(c) Environmental Protection

(d) Energy Infrastructure

Explanation: 'E-Pakistan' is a core pillar of the Uraan Pakistan initiative, specifically targeting digital transformation, increasing IT exports, and fostering a knowledge-based economy.

#955

Which ISRO satellite mission, launched in January 2025, is a 'Next Generation Navigational Satellite'?

(a) NVS-02

(b) RISAT-1A

(c) Cartosat-3

(d) INSAT-3DR

Explanation: NVS-02 is part of ISRO's next-generation navigational satellite series (NavIC), launched in January 2025 to enhance the accuracy and coverage of India's indigenous navigation system.

#956

Google hosted which major developer event in Lahore in October 2025 to promote AI innovation in Pakistan?

(a) Google I/O Pakistan

(b) Think Apps 2025

(c) DevFest Lahore

(d) Android Summit

Explanation: Google hosted 'Think Apps 2025' in Lahore in October 2025, bringing together developers and industry leaders to discuss AI integration and app growth in Pakistan.

#957

Which space mission successfully performed a gravity assist flyby of Mars in March 2025 on its way to Jupiter's icy moon?

(a) Juice

(b) Europa Clipper

(c) Psyche

(d) BepiColombo

Explanation: NASA's Europa Clipper mission performed a gravity assist flyby of Mars in March 2025 to adjust its trajectory for its long journey to study Jupiter's moon, Europa.

#958

Which mobile app, gaining popularity in 2025, functions like a 'walkie-talkie' for sending live voice messages to friends?

(a) Clubhouse

(b) Ten Ten

(c) Discord

(d) Zello

Explanation: Ten Ten gained popularity in 2025 as a live audio app that turns a phone into a walkie-talkie, allowing users to send real-time voice messages to friends.

#959

In 2025, the 'World Bank' released which major database report tracking global financial inclusion and digital adoption?

(a) Global Economic Prospects 2025

(b) Global Findex 2025

(c) Digital Dividends 2025

(d) Ease of Doing Business 2025

Explanation: The World Bank released 'The Global Findex 2025' database, a comprehensive report measuring financial inclusion, digital payments, and fintech adoption globally.

#960

Which satellite, launched by South Korea in 2025, is designed for high-resolution earth observation?

(a) KPLO

(b) KOMPSAT-7A

(c) Nuri-1

(d) CAS500-1

Explanation: KOMPSAT-7A is a South Korean multi-purpose satellite launched in 2025 to provide high-resolution optical and infrared images for governmental and civilian use.

October 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions