#1801

Which tragic event is remembered on October 8 in Pakistan?

(a) The 1965 ceasefire

(b) The 2005 Kashmir Earthquake

(c) The death of Allama Iqbal

(d) The launch of the Zarb-e-Azb operation

Explanation: October 8 is remembered as the anniversary of the 2005 earthquake that devastated parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The disaster resulted in over 73,000 deaths. The day is observed as a National Disaster Awareness Day to honor the victims and to recognize the heroic relief efforts by the military and civilian organizations.

#1802

Which historic constitutional amendment was passed in October 2024, introducing significant reforms to the judicial appointment process?

(a) 25th Amendment

(b) 26th Amendment

(c) 27th Amendment

(d) 28th Amendment

Explanation: The 26th Constitutional Amendment, also known as the Constitutional Package, was passed in October 2024. Key provisions included the formation of a Judicial Commission to appoint judges, a fixed three-year tenure for the Chief Justice of Pakistan, and the establishment of constitutional benches in the Supreme Court and High Courts. The amendment aimed to ensure parliamentary oversight in the appointment of the top judiciary.

#1803

Which Pakistani city hosted the 23rd Meeting of the Council of the Heads of Government of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in October 2024?

(a) Karachi

(b) Lahore

(c) Islamabad

(d) Gwadar

Explanation: Islamabad hosted the high-profile SCO summit on October 15-16, 2024. This was a major diplomatic milestone for the Shahbaz Sharif government, attended by several heads of government, including the premiers of China and Russia. The summit focused on regional cooperation in trade, economy, and security, and was the first visit by an Indian Foreign Minister to Pakistan in nearly a decade.

#1804

Pakistan was elected as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) for which two-year term starting in 2025?

(a) 2024-2025

(b) 2025-2026

(d) 2027-2028

Explanation: In June 2024, Pakistan was elected as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council with an overwhelming majority for the term 2025-2026. This victory reflected the success of Pakistan's 'Multilateral Diplomacy' and provided the government with a global platform to advocate for regional peace, the Kashmir issue, and the interests of the Global South.

#1805

Which major multi-purpose dam project on the Indus River reached significant construction milestones in 2024-2025 with the support of the SIFC?

(a) Mohmand Dam

(b) Diamer-Bhasha Dam

(c) Nai Gaj Dam

(d) Dasu Dam

Explanation: The Diamer-Bhasha Dam, located on the Indus River, is a vital national project for water storage and hydroelectric power generation. During the 2024-2025 period, the Shahbaz Sharif government prioritized its funding and construction speed, aiming to provide 4,500 MW of clean energy and 6.4 MAF of water storage capacity.

#1806

Who was appointed as the 30th Chief Justice of Pakistan in October 2024, following the implementation of the 26th Amendment?

(a) Justice Qazi Faez Isa

(b) Justice Mansoor Ali Shah

(c) Justice Yahya Afridi

(d) Justice Munib Akhtar

Explanation: Justice Yahya Afridi was appointed as the Chief Justice of Pakistan on October 26, 2024. He was the first Chief Justice appointed under the new mechanism introduced by the 26th Constitutional Amendment, where a Special Parliamentary Committee selects the CJP from among the three most senior judges of the Supreme Court.

#1807

In 2025, which sector did the Shahbaz government prioritize for 'Digital Transformation' through the newly established Digital Infrastructure Fund?

(a) Heavy Industry

(b) SMEs and IT Exports

(c) Luxury Real Estate

(d) Traditional Crafts

Explanation: Through 2024-2025, the government placed a heavy focus on Information Technology and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). By providing specialized technology zones and fiscal incentives, the aim was to increase IT exports to over $5 billion and digitize government procurement processes to ensure transparency.

#1808

Which Pakistani airline was the primary target of the government's 'Privatization' drive in late 2024 and 2025?

(a) Airblue

(b) Pakistan International Airlines (PIA)

(c) Serene Air

(d) AirSial

Explanation: The privatization of PIA was a key condition of the IMF program and a central economic policy of the Shahbaz Sharif government in 2024-2025. The process involved segregating the airline's legacy debts into a separate holding company to make the core flight operations attractive to private investors and international airlines.

#1809

The 'Lining of Watercourses' project in 2025 was aimed at saving water in which primary sector?

(a) Industrial Manufacturing

(b) Agriculture

(c) Urban Housing

(d) Mining

Explanation: To combat water scarcity and increase agricultural productivity, the government launched a massive project for the concrete lining of earthen watercourses across Pakistan. This initiative aims to save millions of acre-feet (MAF) of water lost to seepage, directly benefiting small-scale farmers.

#1810

In 2025, the 'Besham' incident led to enhanced security protocols for which specific group of people in Pakistan?

(a) Foreign tourists

(b) Chinese engineers and workers

(c) Judges

(d) Media persons

Explanation: Following a terrorist attack on a convoy of Chinese engineers in Besham in March 2024, the government established a more rigorous multi-layered security system. This includes dedicated units of the Army and Rangers to protect all CPEC and non-CPEC projects involving Chinese nationals.

#1811

The 'E-Office' initiative was fully implemented across federal ministries in 2024-2025 to promote:

(a) Paperless governance and transparency

(b) Foreign language learning

(c) Social media use

(d) Evening shifts

Explanation: The E-Office system was designed to eliminate the 'red-tape' culture by digitizing file movements and approvals. By 2025, all federal ministries were transitioned to this system, significantly reducing delays and creating a digital trail for accountability.

#1812

Which Pakistani city was declared as the 'IT Hub' for the development of new Software Technology Parks in 2025?

(a) Karachi

(b) Lahore

(c) Islamabad

(d) Multan

Explanation: Islamabad saw the fastest growth in IT infrastructure during the Shahbaz government. In 2025, the inauguration of new Software Technology Parks and the provision of high-speed connectivity aimed to attract international tech giants and support the growing freelance community.

#1813

Which international body's 'GSP Plus' status for Pakistan was extended through 2025, benefiting the textile sector?

(a) United Nations

(b) European Union (EU)

(c) World Trade Organization (WTO)

(d) ASEAN

Explanation: The EU's GSP Plus status allows Pakistan duty-free access for its exports to the European market. The government successfully lobbied for its continuation through 2025, which is critical for the textile industry that accounts for nearly 60% of Pakistan's total exports.

#1814

In October 2024, which country's Prime Minister visited Islamabad, marking a 'renewed era' of bilateral and SCO cooperation?

(a) Li Qiang (China)

(b) Mikhail Mishustin (Russia)

(c) Narendra Modi (India)

(d) Both a and b

Explanation: The SCO summit in October 2024 saw the rare simultaneous presence of the Chinese and Russian premiers in Islamabad. Their visits resulted in several bilateral agreements on energy, trade, and regional connectivity, reinforcing Pakistan's strategic importance.

#1815

The 'Benazir Income Support Programme' (BISP) was expanded in 2025 to include which new category of assistance?

(a) Electric bike subsidies

(b) Dynamic Registry for including deserving families who were previously left out

(c) Free international travel

(d) Stock market training

Explanation: In 2024-2025, the government launched the BISP 'Dynamic Registry' to update the socio-economic data of households. This allowed for the inclusion of millions of more deserving families and the implementation of a more accurate targeting system for cash transfers and educational stipends.

#1816

The 'Special Technology Zones Authority' (STZA) expanded its footprint in 2025 by providing special fiscal incentives to which industry?

(a) Automobile

(b) Semiconductors and chip design

(c) Textile

(d) Steel

Explanation: As part of the 'Digital Pakistan' push in 2025, the government offered 10-year tax holidays to companies setting up semiconductor design and hardware manufacturing units within technology zones, aiming to move Pakistan up the global value chain.

#1817

Which Pakistani province announced its first-ever 'Deficit-Free' budget in 2024-2025 through radical fiscal reforms?

(a) Sindh

(b) Punjab

(c) KPK

(d) None of the above

Explanation: The Punjab government, under Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz, presented a budget for 2024-2025 that focused on revenue mobilization without increasing the deficit. The budget prioritized digital health, education, and the 'Kisan Card' scheme for agricultural growth.

#1818

In 2025, Pakistan successfully achieved its 'Export Target' for which product to the Chinese market under the second phase of CPFTA?

(a) Raw Cotton

(b) Cooked Meat and Cherries

(c) Luxury Carpets

(d) Sports Cars

Explanation: Under the China-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement (CPFTA) Phase II, the government successfully negotiated sanitary and phytosanitary protocols. In 2024-2025, Pakistan began exporting large quantities of cooked beef and high-quality cherries to China, diversifying its export basket.

#1819

In 2025, which international rating agency upgraded Pakistan's 'Economic Outlook' from stable to positive following the IMF deal?

(a) Moody's

(b) Fitch

(c) S&P Global

(d) All of the above

Explanation: Following the approval of the $7 billion IMF program and signs of macroeconomic stabilization (such as falling inflation and stable exchange rates), all three major global rating agencies upgraded Pakistan's credit rating and outlook in late 2024 and 2025.

#1820

In 2025, what was the primary focus of the government's 'Educational Emergency' declared in federal areas?

(a) Building private universities

(b) Enrolling Out-of-School Children (OOSC) and providing lunch programs

(c) Changing the uniform

(d) Selling school land

Explanation: The government launched a nationwide drive to enroll the estimated 26 million children currently out of school. In federal areas, this included providing free meals and digital labs to attract students back to public schools and improve literacy rates by 2026.

October 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions