#1301

Which novel by David Szalay was awarded the Booker Prize in 2025?

(a) All That Man Is

(b) Flesh

(c) Turbulence

(d) London and the South-East

Explanation: David Szalay won the 2025 Booker Prize for his novel 'Flesh'. He had previously been shortlisted for the prize in 2016 for 'All That Man Is'. 'Flesh' was praised by the judges for its visceral examination of human relationships.

#1302

Who is the author of the 2025 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel 'James'?

(a) Colson Whitehead

(b) Paul Harding

(c) Percival Everett

(d) Viet Thanh Nguyen

Explanation: Percival Everett won the 2025 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for 'James'. The novel is a profound reimagining of Mark Twain's 'Adventures of Huckleberry Finn', told from the perspective of the enslaved character Jim.

#1303

Who was the first Pakistani woman to be inducted into the ICC Hall of Fame (announced for 2025)?

(a) Bismah Maroof

(b) Sana Mir

(c) Nida Dar

(d) Javeria Khan

Explanation: Sana Mir (ثنا میر), the former captain of the Pakistan women's cricket team, was announced as an inductee into the ICC Hall of Fame in 2025.

#1304

Which is the tallest church in the world (as of late 2025)?

(a) Ulm Minster

(b) Cologne Cathedral

(c) Sagrada Família

(d) St. Peter's Basilica

Explanation: With the completion of the Tower of Jesus Christ, the Sagrada Família in Barcelona surpassed Ulm Minster to become the tallest church in the world.

#1305

Who forms the government in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan as of 2024/2025?

(a) JUI-F

(b) ANP

(c) Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI)

(d) PML-N

Explanation: Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) backed candidates won a decisive majority in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the 2024 elections, electing Ali Amin Gandapur as the Chief Minister.

#1306

Which party constitutes the official opposition in the United Kingdom as of 2025?

(a) Reform UK

(b) Labour Party

(c) Conservative Party

(d) Green Party

Explanation: Following their defeat in the July 2024 elections, the Conservative Party (Tories) became the official opposition in the UK Parliament.

#1307

Which US agency was created in 2002 in direct response to the September 11 attacks to oversee national security and counter-terrorism?

(a) FBI

(b) CIA

(c) NSA

(d) Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

Explanation: The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was established on November 25, 2002, integrating 22 different federal departments and agencies into a unified cabinet agency.

#1308

Who served as the National Coordinator of NACTA as of early 2025?

(a) Rai Tahir

(b) Dr. Khalid Chauhan

(c) Ihsan Ghani

(d) Mehr Khaliq Dad Lak

Explanation: Dr. Khalid Chauhan was appointed as the National Coordinator of NACTA in February 2025.

#1309

Under the 27th Constitutional Amendment, which new apex military office was established and occupied in late 2025?

(a) Supreme Commander of Armed Forces

(b) Chief of Defence Forces (CDF)

(c) Chief of Joint Operations

(d) Field Commander Pakistan

Explanation: The 27th Constitutional Amendment, enacted in November 2025, restructured Pakistan's military command by creating the post of Chief of Defence Forces (CDF). General Asim Munir was designated as the first holder of this office, which centralizes operational command over the Army, Navy, and Air Force, effectively replacing the role of the Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (CJCSC).

#1310

What is the designated tenure for the newly created Chief of Defence Forces (CDF) as per the 2025 notification?

(a) 3 Years

(b) 4 Years

(c) 5 Years

(d) 6 Years

Explanation: According to the official notification issued in December 2025 following the 27th Amendment, the tenure for the Chief of Defence Forces (CDF) is set at five years. This extended term contrasts with the traditional three-year tenure for service chiefs, aiming to ensure continuity and stability in the highest level of military command.

#1311

Who became the second military officer in Pakistan's history to be elevated to the rank of Field Marshal in 2025?

(a) General Raheel Sharif

(b) General Qamar Javed Bajwa

(c) General Asim Munir

(d) General Sahir Shamshad Mirza

Explanation: In 2025, General Asim Munir was promoted to the five-star rank of Field Marshal, becoming only the second officer in Pakistan's history to hold this rank after Field Marshal Ayub Khan. This promotion coincided with his appointment as the first Chief of Defence Forces (CDF) under the 27th Constitutional Amendment, granting him lifetime privileges and immunity.

#1312

Which new court was established by the Twenty-seventh Amendment (2025)?

(a) The Federal Shariat Court

(b) The Islamabad High Court

(c) The Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan

(d) The National Accountability Court

Explanation: Article 175(1) was amended to include the Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan [85].

#1313

According to the 27th Amendment, which military office shall stand abolished on November 27, 2025?

(a) Chief of Army Staff

(b) Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee

(c) Chief of Air Staff

(d) Naval Chief

Explanation: Article 243(5) stipulates that the office of the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee shall stand abolished on that date [113].

#1314

What is the primary seat location of the Federal Constitutional Court established by the Twenty-Seventh Amendment, 2025?

(a) Karachi

(b) Lahore

(c) Islamabad

(d) Peshawar

Explanation: The Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) has its permanent seat at Islamabad [49]. However, it may sit at other places as the Chief Justice of the FCC determines with the President's approval [50]. This court is central to the new judicial ecosystem established by the amendment [51].

#1315

Under the Twenty-Seventh Amendment, which high-ranking military post stands abolished as of November 27, 2025?

(a) Chief of the Army Staff

(b) Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee

(c) Director General of ISI

(d) Minister of Defence

Explanation: The amendment to Article 243 stipulates that the office of the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee shall stand abolished with effect from November 27, 2025 [57]. This is part of a major alteration of the military command structure [58]. Responsibilities are being transferred within the defense forces [27].

#1316

As of mid-2025, the High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) needed how many ratifications to enter into force?

(a) s of mid-2025, the High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) needed how many ratifications to enter into force?

(b) 45

(c) 60

(d) 90

Explanation: The treaty opens a path to protect biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction and enters into force after 60 ratifications; by June 2025, 49 had ratified. ([High Seas Alliance](https://highseasalliance.org/treaty-ratification/table-of-countries/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Signature and Ratification Progress Table"))

#1317

According to REN21’s 2025 Global Status Report, the world added roughly what amount of renewable power capacity in 2024 (record year)?

(a) ccording to REN21’s 2025 Global Status Report, the world added roughly what amount of renewable power capacity in 2024 (record year)?

(b) 420 GW

(c) 700+ GW

(d) 1,000 GW

Explanation: REN21 reports the largest annual increase to date—over 700 GW—signaling accelerating momentum for renewables worldwide. ([REN21](https://www.ren21.net/gsr-2025/downloads/pdf/go/GSR_2025_GO_2025_Full_Report.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com "RENEWABLES 2025 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT"))

#1318

In August 2025, wind + solar supplied over one-third of electricity for the first time in which country?

(a) ugust 2025, wind + solar supplied over one-third of electricity for the first time in which country?

(b) Brazil

(c) Australia

(d) Spain

Explanation: Brazil crossed 34% from wind and solar while hydro output dipped, keeping fossil generation low and cutting power-sector emissions versus past drought years. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/13eef596389803e8b801f26e7888fb97?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Wind and solar power fuel over one-third of Brazil's electricity for first time"))

#1319

The 2025 IEA update on low-emissions hydrogen cut the 2030 output outlook by nearly:

(a) 10%

(b) 25%

(c) ut the 2030 output outlook by nearly:

(d) 60%

Explanation: The IEA lowered its 2030 projection from ~49 Mt to ~37 Mt due to cancellations, cost pressures, and policy uncertainty, though committed capacity still grows. ([Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/iea-cuts-2030-low-emissions-hydrogen-production-outlook-by-nearly-quarter-2025-09-12/?utm_source=chatgpt.com "IEA cuts 2030 low-emissions hydrogen production outlook by nearly a quarter"))

#1320

The global plastics treaty talks (INC-5.2, Geneva 2025) ended with:

(a) A final legally binding treaty

(b) Agreement to cap global plastic production immediately

(c) Collapse with no agreement

(d) Adoption of a voluntary code only

Explanation: Deep divisions—especially over production caps vs. downstream measures—prevented consensus, echoing the 2024 impasse at Busan. ([AP News](https://apnews.com/article/e73090282a22be7ff5979ea2d648dc10?utm_source=chatgpt.com "No end in sight to plastic pollution crisis as treaty negotiations in Geneva fail"))

September 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions