CSS Paper Pakistan Affairs 1990 MCQs

The Faraizi Movement was founded by Haji Shariatullah in the early 19th century in Bengal. It aimed to purify Islam by emphasizing religious duties (faraiz) and opposing un-Islamic practices. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was a reformer focused on education, Syed Ahmed Shaheed led the Jihad Movement, and Shah Waliullah was an earlier scholar. The original question and answer were correct.

"India Wins Freedom" is an autobiographical account by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, a prominent Indian National Congress leader and India’s first Education Minister. It details the independence movement from a Muslim perspective. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, K.K. Aziz, and I.H. Qureshi were notable scholars but did not author this book. The original question and answer were correct.

The Hindu Mahasabha was a Hindu nationalist organization, and V.D. Savarkar was its most prominent leader in the 1930s and 1940s, advocating Hindutva. Madan Mohan Malaviya was associated earlier but less dominantly, while B.R. Ambedkar focused on Dalit rights, and Lala Lajpat Rai was a Congress leader. The original question listed incorrect options (e.g., Nehru, who was a Congress leader) and was corrected with relevant figures.

The First Round Table Conference was held in London from November 1930 to January 1931 to discuss constitutional reforms for India. It was attended by Indian leaders, including Muslim League and Congress representatives, but Gandhi did not participate. The original question and answer were correct.

The Communal Award, announced in August 1932 after the Second Round Table Conference, allocated separate electorates for Muslims, Sikhs, and other communities, sparking controversy. The original question and answer were correct, as no other reforms listed were announced immediately after the conference.

As of 1990, six major barrages were constructed on the Indus River in Pakistan: Guddu, Sukkur, Kotri, Taunsa, Chashma, and Jinnah. These regulate water for irrigation and flood control. The original question was correct but lacked a timeframe, which has been added for clarity.

The Hub Dam, built on the Hub River, is primarily in Balochistan, near the Sindh border, and supplies water to Karachi. The original question used “NWFP” (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) and was updated to reflect the modern name. The answer was correct.

Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari, a 13th-century Sufi saint, hailed from Bukhara (modern-day Uzbekistan). He migrated to the Indian subcontinent, contributing to the spread of Islam. The original question and answer were correct.

The original question incorrectly referred to “Jahanian Jahangesht” as a grandson of Rukn-ud-Din Alam, which was factually wrong. Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari was a Suhrawardi Sufi saint, not a direct relative of the listed figures. The question was revised to focus on his Sufi order for historical accuracy.

Hiran Minar, a Mughal-era monument built by Emperor Jahangir in memory of his pet deer, is located in Sheikhupura, Punjab. The original question and answer were correct.

The original question listed Shah Faisal Mosque as the largest, which was incorrect. Masjid al-Haram in Mecca has always been the largest mosque globally by capacity and significance. The options were revised to include the correct answer, and the timeframe was clarified for 1990 context.

Taxila, an ancient city in present-day Pakistan, was a significant center by 516 BC during the Achaemenid Empire under Darius I. Its prominence continued through various empires. The original question and answer were correct.

The total area of Sindh is approximately 140,914 square kilometers, as per official records. The original question and answer were correct, though options were formatted for consistency.

The Cotton Research Institute is located in Multan, a major cotton-producing region in Punjab. The original question and answer were correct, but “Bahawaipur” was corrected to “Bahawalpur.”

The Thar Desert, spanning parts of Pakistan and India, is called the “Friendly Desert” due to its relatively habitable conditions and vibrant local culture compared to harsher deserts like the Sahara. The original question and answer were correct.

Nanga Parbat (8,126 m) is the highest peak in the Himalayan range within Pakistan. K2, the highest peak in Pakistan, is in the Karakoram range, not the Himalayas. The original question was correct, but “Raka Poshi” was corrected to “Rakaposhi.”

Polo originated in Persia (modern-day Iran) around the 6th century BC and spread to Central Asia and India. The original question incorrectly listed “Northern Areas (Pakistan)” as the answer, which was revised with historically accurate options.

Syed Ameer Ali authored both “The Spirit of Islam” and “History of the Saracens,” which discuss Islamic history and philosophy. The original question and answer were correct.

Kharif crops, sown during the monsoon season (April–June), include cotton, jowar, bajra, and rice. Wheat and gram are Rabi crops, sown in winter. The original question had a typo (“Jawar” instead of “Jowar”), which was corrected.

Tara Chand’s “History of the Freedom Movement in India” is a comprehensive work on India’s independence struggle. The original question and answer were correct, though “Chaudhary” was misspelled as “Chaudhary” in the original.