All FPSC Past Papers MCQs of Everyday Science 2022

Latitude is the primary factor because it controls the angle and intensity of incoming sunlight, which largely determines a region's climate.

Helium is a light, nonreactive gas whose low density gives balloons lift, so balloons are filled with Helium.

Mercury Venus Earth Mars are called the inner planets because they are the rocky planets closest to the Sun.

Ionosphere contains charged particles that reflect and refract radio waves, so the Ionosphere greatly influences radio signal propagation.

Social interaction is a basic human need because people rely on contact and communication for psychological and social well-being.

Geostationary Orbit keeps a satellite fixed over one equatorial point, which is why communication satellites are placed in Geostationary Orbit.

The blue colour of the clear sky is due to sSattering of light, which scatters shorter (blue) wavelengths more strongly and makes the sky appear blue.

Mercury is a metal that is liquid at room temperature, making Mercury the correct example.

Vexillology is the study of Flags, so Flags is the correct answer.

Collagen is the main structural protein in animal hides, and leather is made from these hides so collagen is the major ingredient that gives leather strength and flexibility.

Equal duration of day and night describes an equinox, when Earth's tilt places the Sun over the equator so daytime and nighttime are about the same length.

Virus is correct because H5N1 is a subtype of the influenza A virus, known for causing avian influenza infections.

Herodotus is called the Father of History because he gathered and recorded systematic accounts of past events, forming one of the earliest works of historical narrative.

Porous fits because sedimentary rocks form from deposited particles that leave pore spaces between grains, making them permeable and porous.

2.54 cm is correct because one international inch is defined as exactly 2.54 centimeters.

Eye is correct because myopia (nearsightedness) is a refractive error of the eye that causes distant objects to appear blurry.

M14 is correct because the Hakla - D.I. Khan Motorway has been designated and is commonly referred to as the M14 motorway.

Entomology is the scientific field that studies insects, so entomology is the correct name for the study of insects.

Frequency of X-rays determines their penetrating power because higher frequency (shorter wavelength) X-rays carry more energy and penetrate more deeply.

Bamboo is a type of grass, so it belongs to the grass family rather than being classified as an herb or weed.

Sunlight is made of 7 colours because white light splits into seven visible component colours when dispersed by a prism.

The medulla oblongata controls breathing and heartbeat as part of the brainstem that regulates vital autonomic functions.

Hertz is the unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second.

A kilowatt is a unit of power equal to 1,000 watts, so kilowatt measures power.

Cellulose is a carbohydrate, specifically a polysaccharide made of glucose units that forms plant cell walls.

A lactometer measures milk by determining its specific gravity to assess milk quality and detect dilution.

Lack of insulin causes diabetes because insulin is the hormone that lets cells take up glucose and keeps blood sugar levels normal.

The lens in the human eye is a convex lens that converges light rays to form a focused image on the retina.

The adult human skull consists of 22 bones that together form the cranial and facial skeleton.

Venus rotates very slowly, so a single rotation (a Venus day) is extremely long and is nearly comparable to an Earth year.

The bacterial cell membrane is lipid-rich because it is primarily a phospholipid bilayer that surrounds and controls the cell interior.

Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, largely because it forms oxides and silicate minerals that dominate crustal rocks.

Saturn has a prominent ring system made of ice and rock particles that encircle the planet and make its rings visible.

Speed of light - electromagnetic waves are oscillating electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space at the constant speed of light.

Iron - hemoglobin contains iron atoms in its heme groups which bind and carry oxygen, making iron its main constituent.

Longitudinal Wave - in a longitudinal wave the medium's particles vibrate back and forth parallel to the direction the wave travels, which matches this definition.

Magnitude of earthquakes - the Richter scale is a numerical scale that quantifies the magnitude (energy release) of earthquakes.

Cornea - eye donation typically uses the donor's cornea because the clear front layer can be transplanted to restore vision.

Charles Darwin - Charles Darwin formulated the theory of evolution by natural selection to explain how species change over time through differential survival and reproduction.

Zero - diesel engines use compression ignition rather than spark ignition, so they do not require any spark plugs.

vitamin D - vitamin D is needed for proper calcium absorption and bone mineralization, so its deficiency impairs bone health.

Electromagnetic Waves carry radio and television signals because they propagate through space and can be modulated to transmit audio and video information.

186282 miles per second is the speed at which light travels in a vacuum, the standard value used for light's propagation in empty space.

Saturn is the second largest planet in our solar system by overall size and mass among the planets.

They are guided by ultrasonic waves produced by them, meaning bats emit high-frequency pulses and use the returning echoes to navigate and find prey.

Stationary Wave does not transport energy along the medium; its energy oscillates locally between nodes and antinodes rather than moving from one place to another.

centipede is an arthropod characterized by having many leg-bearing body segments, which gives it a notably large number of legs.

63 dioptres is the approximate total refractive power of the human eye's optical system used to focus light onto the retina.

Cerebrum is the part of the brain responsible for intelligence, memory association, imagination, and will, as it contains the cerebral cortex where higher cognitive functions occur.

The nervous system controls different bodily functions by sending and processing electrical signals through the brain, spinal cord, and nerves to coordinate sensation, movement, and organ activity.

Yeast produces carbon dioxide during fermentation, and the released carbon dioxide forms bubbles that make bread dough rise and become light and porous.

The Ionosphere produces the red and green lights of the Aurora Borealis when charged particles from the sun collide with and excite the ionized gases in that upper atmospheric layer.

The ozone layer absorbs high-energy Ultraviolet radiation from the sun, preventing much of this harmful ultraviolet light from reaching Earth's surface.

A moderator is used in nuclear reactors to Slow down the speed of the neutrons so they are more likely to induce fission in the reactor fuel and sustain a controlled chain reaction.

The Ionosphere helps radio communication by reflecting and refracting radio waves back toward Earth, enabling signals to travel beyond the horizon for long-distance transmission.

Monsoon is caused by Seasonal reversal of winds when differential heating between land and sea changes wind direction and brings prolonged rainy and dry seasons.

Fuel used in a Fast Breeder Reactor is Uranium Plutonium Oxide, a mixed oxide fuel containing both uranium and plutonium designed to support breeding and fission reactions.

In asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter: most asteroids are concentrated in the main asteroid belt located between Mars and Jupiter.

South: after driving east then north, two successive left turns leave him facing and driving south.

One after the other: with different masses and real-world air resistance, the balls will generally reach the ground at different times.

Major Muhammad Akram Shaheed: he is recognized as the first recipient of the Nishan i Haider.

nerve cells: Alzheimer's disease damages nerve cells (neurons), causing progressive loss of memory and cognitive function.

Insulin: Sir Frederick Banting discovered insulin, the hormone used to treat diabetes.

parasite: a parasite lives on or in a host and takes nutrients while causing harm to the host.

Magnetic pole: at the magnetic poles the field is vertical so the horizontal component of Earth's magnetic field is effectively zero.

Liquified HCl is a molecular (covalent) liquid with no free ions to carry charge, so it does not conduct electricity.

At the Magnetic Pole the Earth's magnetic field is essentially vertical, so the horizontal component of the field is zero there.

A Longitudinal wave has particles of the medium oscillating back and forth in the same direction as the wave travels, which fits the description.

Radio waves are Electromagnatic waves because they propagate as oscillating electric and magnetic fields through space.

Increase Stability: leaning forward shifts the climber's center of gravity over the feet and lowers it, which increases stability on a slope.

Odontology is the term for the systematic scientific study of teeth, so it matches the definition.

The defining numeric value for a nautical mile is 1852, so the option listed as "1852 kilometers" fits by giving that standard figure.

Milk. A lactometer measures the density/specific gravity of milk to assess its purity and detect dilution with water.

Carbon dioxide. Global warming is associated with increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is a major greenhouse gas that traps heat and raises temperatures.

Decrease. During a solar eclipse light intensity falls sharply, so the light-driven reactions of photosynthesis slow and overall photosynthesis rate decreases.

Gram Positive. Penicillin blocks peptidoglycan synthesis and Gram-positive bacteria have a thick, exposed peptidoglycan layer, making them more susceptible.

eggs. Eggs are a high-quality protein source containing all essential amino acids and substantial protein per serving.

Sir Frederick G Banting. Sir Frederick G Banting is credited with the discovery of insulin, which enabled effective treatment of diabetes.

Foal. A young horse is called a foal until it grows older and reaches weaning or maturity.

Sun Rays. Helium was first detected as a spectral line in sunlight, observed in the solar spectrum (sun rays).

Light-emitting diodes are made from compounds of Gallium because gallium-based semiconductors have electronic properties that allow efficient light emission when charge carriers recombine.

Ball bearings reduce friction by reducing the area of the contact with the use of metallic balls, converting sliding contact into rolling contact and so greatly lowering resistance.

Copper wires are used because Copper is a better conductor than iron, giving lower electrical resistance and less energy loss during power transmission.

In a refrigerator cooling is produced by the evaporation of a volatile liquid, since the refrigerant absorbs heat from the interior as it vaporizes.

A person climbing a hill leans forward in order to increase stability by shifting their center of gravity forward over their feet, reducing the chance of toppling backward.

A concave mirror can be used to focus sunlight because its curved reflective surface directs parallel rays to a common focal point, concentrating the light.

An air bubble shines in water because of Total internal reflection at the bubble boundary, which reflects and redirects light to produce a bright appearance.

The eye's ability to see in the dark is due to the production of a purple pigment known as Retinene, which is formed in rod cells and enables low-light vision.

Syed Ali Shah Gilani was reported to have died at the age of 92, so 92 is the correct age at death.

The short film 'Out Swing' is the work for which Samar Minallah won the best short film award, so 'Out Swing' is correct.

The activity identified as a mental disorder is impaired control over gaming on mobile, reflecting that loss of control over gaming meets the disorder criteria.

A bacterial capsule is a slippery outer covering that helps protect bacteria from being engulfed by host phagocytic cells, so 'Capsule' is correct.

Conching smooths and mixes chocolate to develop and improve its flavor profile, so 'Improvement of flavour' is correct.

A protein's three-dimensional structure is stabilized by multiple interactions - hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and disulfide bonds - so 'All of these' is correct.

Planetary motion is described by Kepler's laws (orbital shapes, area law, and period relationship), so 'Kepler law' is correct.

The world's first vehicular bridges made from recycled plastics were built in North Carolina, so 'North Carolina' is correct.

Heavier: Carbon dioxide is heavier than oxygen because CO2 has a higher molecular mass (44 g/mol) compared with O2 (32 g/mol).

Nitrogen: Pyridine donates its lone pair on the ring nitrogen to metal centers, so it functions as a nitrogen donor ligand.

4: Four of the five d-orbitals (dxy, dyz, dxz, dx2−y2) have the characteristic cloverleaf shape, while the fifth (dz2) has a different form.

40: An average full-term pregnancy is about 40 weeks, which corresponds to roughly nine months of gestation.

Fission: Alpha particles can be produced during nuclear fission when a heavy nucleus splits and emits helium nuclei (alpha particles) among its products.

Glucose: A high amount of reducing sugars in fruit jelly favors the presence and crystallization of glucose, a reducing monosaccharide prone to crystal formation.

Copper: Copper is called a coinage metal because it was traditionally used to make coins and shares the characteristic properties of coinage metals.

DNA: Bacterial genetic information is stored in a single circular DNA chromosome located in the cell's nucleoid region.

Distillation separates miscible liquids by heating to vaporize the component with the lower boiling point and then condensing that vapor, so Distillation is the appropriate method.

Vitamin A is essential for good vision because it is a key component of the visual pigments in the retina that allow the eye to detect light.

Fatty acids and glycerol form triglycerides as glycerol bonds to three fatty acids, and the listed 'water and salt' refer to byproducts or associated components in their formation, so Fatty acids, Glycerol water and salt fits.

Glucose is the most common monosaccharide and serves as the basic building-block unit (monomer) of many carbohydrates, so Glucose is correct.

Dielectric describes materials that do not conduct electricity and can be polarized in an electric field, which is the defining property of insulating materials, so Dielectric fits.

A Polarimeter detects enantiomers by measuring the direction and magnitude of optical rotation that chiral molecules produce on plane-polarized light, so Polarimeter is used.

The Copper Test is used to check for the presence of blood (hemoglobin), so Blood is what the test detects.

Paper is manufactured from wood pulp, so Paper can be produced using wood.

Fibula is the thinner, lateral bone of the lower leg, so it is found in the leg.

Glucose syrup is commonly made from maize because maize starch is hydrolyzed to produce glucose-rich syrups.

Herbicides are chemicals designed to kill or control unwanted plants, so they are the medicines used against weeds.

Agar is extracted from red algae; the gel-forming polysaccharides in red algae are harvested commercially as agar.

Prostists are typically single-celled organisms that can only be seen with a microscope, so they are an example of microbes.

The heart is the first functional organ to form in the embryo, beginning development and beating before other organs.

Humans have 20 primary (milk) teeth in total, which are later replaced by permanent teeth.

Morphology is the study of the form and structure of animals and plants, so it deals with their shapes and structural features.

Study of formation of words - Morphology deals with how words are built from smaller meaningful parts and the rules that govern their structure.

Homo Sapiens - Human beings are classified as the species Homo sapiens, which denotes modern humans.

Use of vaccine - Immunization works by using vaccines to stimulate the immune system so it can prevent or reduce disease.

The shadow of the earth falls on the moon - A lunar eclipse happens when Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon and Earth's shadow falls on the Moon.

Of revolution of the earth around the sun and on its orbit - Different seasons arise because the Earth revolves around the Sun along its orbit, changing the distribution and angle of sunlight.

Ozone Layer - The ozone layer in the upper atmosphere absorbs and filters much of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation before it reaches the surface.

Amnesia - Memory loss due to brain injury is called amnesia, a condition that impairs recall of past events or formation of new memories.

None of these - None of the listed options match the name of the Chinese New Year that began on February 1, 2022, so 'None of these' is correct.

Aborigine means an original inhabitant of a country, so Aborigine fits the definition 'one who is the original inhabitant of a country.'

Water contains no calories and therefore gives less energy than milk, wheat, or juice, so Water is the least energy-giving choice.

William Lee invented the knitting (stocking) frame, so William Lee is credited with inventing the knitting machine.

The famous trio called the '3 W's' were members of the West Indies cricket team, so West Indies is the correct country.

McCollum is credited with identifying vitamin D, so McCollum fits as the discoverer of Vitamin D.

Gypsum is a non-metallic mineral (a sulfate used in plaster and drywall), so Gypsum is the correct non-metallic mineral.