One Word Substitution MCQs with Answers & Explanations (Page 51)

An extrovert is an outgoing, overtly expressive person. An introvert is a shy, reticent person. An ambivert is a person whose personality has a balance of extrovert and introvert features. An egoist is a self-centered person.

A tempest is a violent, windy storm. A breeze is a gentle wind. A gale is a very strong wind. A gust is a brief, strong rush of wind. Tempest implies the most violence.

An autocracy is a system of government by one person with absolute power. Democracy is government by the people. Oligarchy is government by a small group. A monarchy is a form of government with a monarch at the head, but their power may not be absolute.

A polyglot is a person who knows and is able to use several languages. A linguist is someone who studies language scientifically. Bilingual refers to speaking two languages. Monolingual refers to speaking only one language.

A caricature is a picture, description, or imitation of a person in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect. A portrait is a realistic depiction of a person. A sketch is a rough or unfinished drawing. A doodle is an unfocused drawing made while one's attention is otherwise occupied.

A bibliography is a list of the books referred to in a scholarly work, usually printed as an appendix. A glossary is an alphabetical list of terms in a particular domain of knowledge with the definitions for those terms. An index is an alphabetical list of names or subjects with references to the places where they occur. An appendix is a section of extra information at the end of a book.

Something that is obsolete is no longer produced or used; it is out of date. Ancient means belonging to the very distant past. Archaic means very old or old-fashioned, but can still be in use for specific effects. Vintage denotes something from the past of high quality.

A scapegoat is a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others. A victim is a person harmed as a result of a crime or event. A culprit is the person who is actually guilty. A martyr is a person who is killed for their beliefs.

To adulterate is to render something poorer in quality by adding another substance. To dilute is to make a liquid thinner by adding water. To contaminate or pollute is to make something impure by exposure to a poisonous or polluting substance.

Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context. Physiology studies the functions of the body. Sociology studies the development and structure of human society. Anthropology studies human societies and their development.

An obsequious person is obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree. Servile means having an excessive willingness to serve or please others. A sycophant or flatterer is a person who acts obsequiously toward someone important in order to gain advantage. Obsequious best describes the general trait.

A caravan is a group of people, especially traders or pilgrims, traveling together across a desert in Asia or North Africa. A procession is a number of people or vehicles moving forward in an orderly fashion. A convoy is a group of ships or vehicles traveling together, typically accompanied by armed troops for protection. A fleet is a group of ships sailing together.

A cantankerous person is bad-tempered, argumentative, and uncooperative. Grumpy means bad-tempered and sulky. Irascible means easily angered. Petulant means childishly sulky or bad-tempered. Cantankerous is the most comprehensive term.

A non sequitur is a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement. A fallacy is a mistaken belief based on an unsound argument. A paradox is a seemingly absurd but true statement. An anomaly is something that deviates from what is standard.

An asylum provides protection or shelter from danger, especially for political refugees. A sanatorium is an establishment for the medical treatment of people who are convalescing. A shelter is a place giving temporary protection. A haven is a place of safety or refuge. Asylum is the most specific term.

A martyr is a person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs. A soldier is a person who serves in an army. A patriot is a person who vigorously supports their country. A veteran is a person with long experience in a field, especially the military.

To eavesdrop is to secretly listen to a conversation. To intercept is to obstruct someone or something so as to prevent them from continuing to a destination. To overhear is to hear a conversation accidentally. To snoop is to investigate or look around furtively.

An architect is a person who designs buildings and in many cases also supervises their construction. An engineer applies scientific principles to design and build structures. A mason is a builder and worker in stone. A builder is a person who constructs something by putting parts together.

Horticulture is the art or practice of garden cultivation and management, including fruits, vegetables, and flowers. Agriculture is the science of farming, including the cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals. Arboriculture is the cultivation of trees and shrubs. Botany is the scientific study of plants.

Chaos is complete disorder and confusion. Anarchy is a state of disorder due to the absence of government. Pandemonium is wild and noisy disorder or confusion. Mayhem is violent or damaging disorder. Chaos is the most general term.