HEC (Higher Education Commission) · LAT
Vocabulary · English
To curdle (پھٹنا) means to separate into curds or lumps, as milk does when it 'turns sour' (کھٹا ہو جانا) or is heated.
Curiosity (تجسس) is a strong desire to know or learn something. It is a form of keen 'interest' (دلچسپی). 'Indifference' (بے حسی) is the antonym.
Cursory (سرسری) means 'hurried' (جلدی میں) and therefore not thorough or detailed. 'Detailed' (تفصیلی) and 'Thoughtful' (پرمغز) are antonyms.
Cybernetics (سائبرنیٹکس) is the science of 'communicating systems' (مواصلاتی نظام) and control systems in both living beings and machines.
A cyclone (طوفان) is a large-scale system of winds rotating inward to an area of low barometric pressure. It is a type of severe 'storm' (طوفان باد و باراں).
A cyclotron (سائکلوٹران) is a type of 'atomic-particle accelerator' (ایٹمی ذرات کو تیز کرنے والا آلہ) in which charged particles are propelled outwards from the center along a spiral path.
Cynical (کلبی) means believing that people are motivated purely by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity. This often leads to a 'mocking' (طنز آمیز) or sneering attitude.
To dampen (افسردہ کرنا) something (like spirits or enthusiasm) means to make it less strong or intense. It can 'depress' (مایوس کرنا) or subdue a feeling.
Data (معلومات) are 'facts' (حقائق) and 'statistics' (اعداد و شمار) collected together for reference or analysis. 'Facts' is the most fundamental definition.
To daunt (خوفزدہ کرنا) means to make someone feel intimidated or apprehensive. It is to 'dismay' (بددل کرنا) or discourage them. 'Heartened' (حوصلہ افزائی کرنا) is an antonym.
To dawdle (وقت ضائع کرنا) means to waste time or be slow. 'To loiter' (آوارہ پھرنا) means to stand or wait idly, which is a form of dawdling.
A debacle (تباہی) is a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco. It signifies a 'disastrous collapse' (تباہ کن زوال).
To debase (بے قدر کرنا) means to reduce something in quality or value; to degrade. This action can 'disgrace' (ذلیل کرنا) or bring dishonor. 'Elevate' (بلند کرنا) is an antonym.
To debug (نقائص دور کرنا) means to identify and remove errors ('bugs') from computer hardware or software. It is 'to correct faults' (خامیاں درست کرنا).
A decade (عشرہ) is 'a period of ten years' (دس سال کا عرصہ).
Decay (زوال) is the process of rotting or decomposing; a gradual decline in quality or strength. 'Deterioration' (خرابی) is a direct synonym.
To decipher (پڑھنا) means to convert something (like a code or bad handwriting) into normal, understandable language. 'Decode' (خفیہ تحریر کو سمجھنا) is a direct synonym.
To decompress (دباؤ کم کرنا) means to 'reduce pressure' (دباؤ گھٹانا), such as returning a diver to normal atmospheric pressure, or uncompressing a digital file.
Decorous (مہذب) means in keeping with good taste and propriety; polite and restrained. 'Proper' (مناسب) is the best synonym.
To decry (مذمت کرنا) means to publicly denounce or 'condemn' (برا بھلا کہنا) something as wrong or bad. 'Applaud' (تعریف کرنا) is the antonym.
