#841

In November 2025, the FDA approved which drug for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer with specific HER2 mutations?

(a) Hyrnuo (sevabertinib)

(b) Redemplo (plozasiran)

(c) Komzifti (ziftomenib)

(d) Lynkuet (elinzanetant)

Explanation: On November 19, 2025, the FDA approved Hyrnuo (sevabertinib) for treating adults with locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring activating HER2 tyrosine kinase domain mutations.

#842

Which major tech company unveiled significant updates to its humanoid robot 'Optimus' in October 2025, highlighting improvements in dexterity and balance?

(a) Boston Dynamics

(b) Tesla

(c) Google DeepMind

(d) Figure AI

Explanation: Tesla unveiled updates to its Optimus humanoid robot in October 2025, demonstrating enhanced physical capabilities such as better balance, object manipulation, and autonomous navigation for factory and logistics applications.

#843

Researchers from UC Davis engineered which crop in November 2025 to encourage soil bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen into fertilizer, potentially reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers?

(a) Rice

(b) Corn

(c) Wheat

(d) Soybean

Explanation: In November 2025, UC Davis researchers announced they had engineered wheat to secrete compounds that trigger soil bacteria to fix atmospheric nitrogen, creating a natural fertilizer system that could lower agricultural emissions.

#844

What specifically does the drug 'Redemplo' (plozasiran), approved by the FDA in November 2025, target in adults?

(a) High cholesterol

(b) High triglycerides

(c) Hypertension

(d) High blood sugar

Explanation: Redemplo (plozasiran) was approved by the FDA in November 2025 specifically to reduce triglycerides in adults with familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), a rare genetic disorder.

#845

A November 2025 study revealed that venom from which creature could be used to develop molecules that kill breast cancer cells as effectively as chemotherapy?

(a) Blue-ringed octopus

(b) King Cobra

(c) Amazonian scorpion

(d) Cone snail

Explanation: Research published in November 2025 showed that molecules derived from the venom of an Amazonian scorpion could kill breast cancer cells with efficacy comparable to chemotherapy, offering a new potential avenue for cancer treatment.

#846

Which drug was approved by the FDA in November 2025 for treating relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a susceptible nucleophosmin 1 mutation?

(a) Komzifti (ziftomenib)

(b) Wayrilz (rilzabrutinib)

(c) Inluriyo (imlunestrant)

(d) Vizz (aceclidine)

Explanation: Komzifti (ziftomenib) received FDA approval in November 2025 for treating adults with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia who have a specific nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutation.

#847

In September 2025, West Virginia University scientists successfully used AI to detect which condition in rural patients using low-tech ECG data?

(a) Atrial Fibrillation

(b) Heart Failure

(c) Coronary Artery Disease

(d) Valve Stenosis

Explanation: Scientists at West Virginia University developed AI models that could detect signs of heart failure using simple ECG data, significantly improving early diagnosis rates for underserved rural populations.

#848

What is the primary function of the drug 'Lynkuet' (elinzanetant), which was approved by the FDA in October 2025?

(a) Treating migraines

(b) Treating vasomotor symptoms of menopause

(c) Treating osteoporosis

(d) Treating insomnia

Explanation: Lynkuet (elinzanetant) was approved in October 2025 as a non-hormonal treatment for moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms, commonly known as hot flashes, associated with menopause.

#849

Which tool, described in Nature Communications in 2025, uses AI to identify relevant clinical trials for patients and explain their eligibility?

(a) TrialGPT

(b) ClinicalAI

(c) MediMatch

(d) PharmaBot

Explanation: TrialGPT is an AI algorithm highlighted in 2025 that successfully identifies relevant clinical trials for patients and provides summaries explaining how they meet the enrollment criteria, facilitating better access to experimental treatments.

#850

Researchers in November 2025 created a 'miniature' version of which human body system to study blood production and diseases like leukemia?

(a) Liver

(b) Bone Marrow

(c) Spleen

(d) Lymph Node

Explanation: Scientists successfully engineered a miniature human bone marrow system in the lab in November 2025. This organoid mirrors the real structure of bone marrow and supports blood cell production, providing a new model for studying blood diseases.

#851

In November 2025, a study found that which common amino acid supplement could significantly reduce amyloid-beta aggregation in Alzheimer's disease models?

(a) Lysine

(b) Arginine

(c) Glutamine

(d) Tryptophan

Explanation: A study published in November 2025 discovered that the amino acid arginine can block harmful amyloid-beta aggregation and reduce its toxic effects in Alzheimer's disease models, suggesting a potential simple therapeutic intervention.

#852

Which drug received FDA approval in September 2025 for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria?

(a) Rhapsido (remibrutinib)

(b) Palsonify (paltusotine)

(c) Forzinity (elamipretide)

(d) Wayrilz (rilzabrutinib)

Explanation: Rhapsido (remibrutinib) was approved by the FDA in September 2025 for treating chronic spontaneous urticaria in adults who remain symptomatic despite antihistamine treatment.

#853

A November 2025 study indicated that combining Tirzepatide and Semaglutide provided strong protection against which major health event?

(a) Liver failure

(b) Kidney stones

(c) Heart attack and stroke

(d) Pancreatic cancer

Explanation: A massive real-world study in November 2025 revealed that both Tirzepatide and Semaglutide (GLP-1 drugs) deliver strong cardiovascular protection, significantly reducing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and death in adults with type 2 diabetes.

#854

What type of robot, often referred to as a 'MoMa', became a significant trend in industrial robotics in 2025?

(a) Molecular Machine

(b) Mobile Manipulator

(c) Modular Maintenance bot

(d) Motion Master

Explanation: Mobile Manipulators, or 'MoMas', emerged as a major trend in 2025. They combine a robotic arm with a mobile base (AMR), allowing the robot to move around a facility and perform complex handling tasks at different locations.

#855

Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital launched which database in November 2025 to keep protein structure predictions up to date?

(a) AlphaSync

(b) ProteinNet

(c) StructUpdate

(d) FoldLive

Explanation: St. Jude scientists launched the AlphaSync database in November 2025. This resource is designed to keep protein structure predictions current, helping to prevent cascading errors in research that relies on outdated models.

#856

In June 2025, which country cleared gene-edited, reduced-browning bananas for commercial release to reduce food waste?

(a) Brazil

(b) Philippines

(c) India

(d) Indonesia

Explanation: The Philippines government cleared gene-edited bananas developed by Tropic Biosciences in June 2025. These bananas are engineered to brown less quickly, which aims to significantly reduce food waste and associated carbon emissions.

#857

Which drug was approved in September 2025 for the treatment of acromegaly in adults who had an inadequate response to surgery?

(a) Palsonify (paltusotine)

(b) Inluriyo (imlunestrant)

(c) Dawnzera (donidalorsen)

(d) Brinsupri (brensocatib)

Explanation: Palsonify (paltusotine) was approved in September 2025 as an oral treatment for acromegaly, a hormonal disorder, specifically for patients who could not be cured by surgery.

#858

A November 2025 breakthrough involved using 'nasal nanodrops' to treat which type of aggressive cancer in mice?

(a) Lung cancer

(b) Glioblastoma (Brain tumor)

(c) Melanoma

(d) Pancreatic cancer

Explanation: Researchers developed a nasal-delivered nanotherapy in November 2025 that showed promise against glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumor. The treatment activates the STING immune pathway to attack the tumor.

#859

What is the therapeutic target of the drug 'Wayrilz' (rilzabrutinib), approved in August 2025?

(a) Immune thrombocytopenia

(b) Hemophilia A

(c) Sickle Cell Disease

(d) Deep Vein Thrombosis

Explanation: Wayrilz (rilzabrutinib) was approved in August 2025 for the treatment of persistent or chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in adult patients who have not responded sufficiently to other treatments.

#860

A study published in November 2025 found that which gene, when overactivated by sensory inputs, can suppress longevity in worms?

(a) fmo-2

(b) daf-16

(c) skn-1

(d) age-1

Explanation: Scientists found that sensory inputs like smell and touch can suppress the key longevity gene *fmo-2*. When this gene is overactivated, it can negate the life-extending effects of dietary restriction in worms.

April 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions