#881

A November 2025 study on leukemia immunotherapy utilized which cell death mechanism to boost anti-tumor defenses?

(a) Apoptosis

(b) Necroptosis

(c) Autophagy

(d) Ferroptosis

Explanation: The study found that inducing necroptosis, a form of programmed inflammatory cell death, in cancer cells could dramatically boost the body's immune attack against leukemia.

#882

Which company released the 'Llama' series of open-source language models, with significant updates in 2024 and 2025?

(a) Google

(b) Meta

(c) Microsoft

(d) Amazon

Explanation: Meta Platforms released the Llama series of models (including Llama 3 in 2024), which became a standard for open-source large language models in the AI community.

#883

Which drug, approved in August 2025, targets HER2 tyrosine kinase domain mutations in non-small cell lung cancer?

(a) Hernexeos (zongertinib)

(b) Wayrilz (rilzabrutinib)

(c) Dawnzera (donidalorsen)

(d) Brinsupri (brensocatib)

Explanation: Hernexeos (zongertinib) was approved in August 2025 for adults with unresectable or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer specifically harboring HER2 tyrosine kinase domain activating mutations.

#884

In February 2025, Intuitive Machines' IM-2 mission launched with the Nova-C lander named 'Athena'. What was the specific landing site targeted by this mission?

(a) Malapert A

(b) Mons Mouton

(c) Schrödinger Basin

(d) Shackleton Crater

Explanation: The IM-2 mission targeted Mons Mouton, a flat-topped mountain near the lunar south pole, specifically chosen to hunt for water ice using the PRIME-1 drill.

#885

Which major milestone did SpaceX's Starship achieve for the first time during its fifth flight test in late 2024/early 2025?

(a) Reaching the Moon

(b) Successful catch of the Super Heavy booster by the launch tower arms

(c) Deploying 100 Starlink satellites

(d) Docking with the ISS

Explanation: During the fifth flight test, SpaceX successfully caught the Super Heavy booster using the 'Mechazilla' launch tower arms, a historic feat for reusable rocket technology.

#886

The NASA ESCAPADE mission, designed to study Mars' magnetosphere, was launched in November 2025 aboard which debut rocket?

(a) Vulcan Centaur

(b) Falcon Heavy

(c) New Glenn

(d) Ariane 6

Explanation: The ESCAPADE mission was launched aboard the maiden flight of Blue Origin's 'New Glenn' rocket in November 2025.

#887

What was the outcome of the Intuitive Machines IM-2 'Athena' landing in March 2025?

(a) Perfect upright landing

(b) Landed sideways/tipped over

(c) Crashed on impact

(d) Failed to reach lunar orbit

Explanation: The Athena lander touched down but ended up on its side (similar to IM-1), which limited its solar power generation and led to an early end of the mission.

#888

The European Space Agency's 'Euclid' telescope released its 'Quick Data Release 1' (Q1) in March 2025. Approximately how many new strong gravitational lenses did it identify?

(a) 50

(b) 100

(c) 500

(d) 1000

Explanation: The Q1 data release from Euclid revealed approximately 500 new strong gravitational lens candidates, significantly increasing the known number of such objects.

#889

Which Chinese spacecraft was launched in November 2025 explicitly to assist or retrieve astronauts stranded on the Tiangong space station?

(a) Shenzhou 20

(b) Shenzhou 21

(c) Shenzhou 22

(d) Tianzhou 8

Explanation: China launched Shenzhou 22 in November 2025 to assist the crew, following issues with a previous spacecraft that delayed the return of astronauts.

#890

In January 2025, Firefly Aerospace launched its first 'Blue Ghost' lunar lander. What is the name of this specific mission?

(a) Ghost Riders in the Sky

(b) Dark Side of the Moon

(c) Lunar Pathfinder

(d) Artemis Scout

Explanation: Firefly Aerospace named its first Blue Ghost mission 'Ghost Riders in the Sky'. It launched in January 2025 to deliver NASA CLPS payloads.

#891

The Starlab commercial space station project passed which critical NASA milestone in March 2025?

(a) Critical Design Review (CDR)

(b) Preliminary Design Review (PDR)

(c) Launch Readiness Review (LRR)

(d) Final Assembly

Explanation: Starlab Space LLC successfully completed the Preliminary Design Review (PDR) with NASA in March 2025, signaling its design was technically sound to proceed to full development.

#892

Which NASA mission performed a gravity assist flyby of Mars in March 2025 on its way to Jupiter?

(a) Juno

(b) Lucy

(c) Europa Clipper

(d) Psyche

Explanation: NASA's Europa Clipper, launched in October 2024, executed a Mars gravity assist flyby in March 2025 to gain the necessary speed to reach Jupiter.

#893

What is the primary scientific goal of the 'ESCAPADE' mission launched in late 2025?

(a) Search for life on Mars surface

(b) Study how solar wind strips Mars' atmosphere

(c) Map Mars' underground water

(d) Test a Mars helicopter

Explanation: ESCAPADE (Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers) consists of two orbiters designed to study how the solar wind interacts with Mars' magnetosphere and drives atmospheric escape.

#894

The JAXA 'Martian Moons eXploration' (MMX) mission, originally targeted for 2024, was officially delayed in the 2025 timeframe to launch in which year?

(a) 2025

(b) 2026

(d) 2030

Explanation: Due to issues with the H3 launch vehicle, JAXA postponed the MMX mission launch from 2024 to the next available Mars window in 2026.

#895

In November 2025, the James Webb Space Telescope confirmed the existence of a rapidly growing supermassive black hole just 570 million years after the Big Bang in which galaxy?

(a) GN-z11

(b) CANUCS-LRD-z8.6

(c) JADES-GS-z14-0

(d) Earendel

Explanation: JWST identified a voraciously feeding supermassive black hole in the galaxy CANUCS-LRD-z8.6, challenging theories about how quickly such massive objects could form in the early universe.

#896

The UAE's 'Rashid 2' rover completed its testing in November 2025 and was shipped to the US for a future launch. Which company is providing the lander?

(a) SpaceX

(b) Astrobotic

(c) Firefly Aerospace

(d) Blue Origin

Explanation: The Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC) partnered with Firefly Aerospace to deliver the Rashid 2 rover to the lunar surface.

#897

Updates in 2025 confirmed that the first module of the new 'Russian Orbital Service Station' (ROS) is scheduled for launch in:

(a) 2025

(b) 2027

(d) 2035

Explanation: Roscosmos confirmed that the first module (NEM-1) of the new sovereign Russian Orbital Station is scheduled to launch in 2027.

#898

Which ESA mission performed a flyby of Mars in March 2025 to adjust its trajectory towards the asteroid Didymos?

(a) Rosetta II

(b) Hera

(c) Juice

(d) Comet Interceptor

Explanation: The Hera spacecraft, launched in Oct 2024, performed a gravity assist flyby of Mars in March 2025 to set it on course for its 2026 rendezvous with the binary asteroid Didymos.

#899

In March 2025, Euclid's data release included a mosaic of which famous galaxy cluster?

(a) Pandora's Cluster

(b) Fornax Cluster

(c) Virgo Cluster

(d) Coma Cluster

Explanation: One of the key images in the Euclid Q1 release was a stunning, deep view of the Fornax Cluster, revealing thousands of galaxies in high detail.

#900

SpaceX celebrated which milestone with its 100th launch of 2025 in November?

(a) First crewed Starship flight

(b) Deployment of 29 Starlink satellites

(c) Launch of a secret space plane

(d) Landing on Mars

Explanation: SpaceX's 100th launch of 2025 was a Falcon 9 mission (Starlink 6-78) that successfully deployed a batch of 29 Starlink satellites.

April 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions