December 2025 Edition
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December 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#1341
In December 1912, where did prominent Muslim leaders appear on the Congress platform to express a desire for Hindu-Muslim unity?
(a) Lucknow
(b) Cawnpore
(c) Karachi
(d) Calcutta
Explanation: In December 1912, the Cawnpore session of the Congress was a significant milestone where Muslim leaders joined the platform. This event signaled a growing realization that both communities needed to stand side by side to achieve common political goals, paving the way for the historic cooperation seen a few years later.
#1342
Who was the President of the Indian National Congress during the December 1912 session?
(a) Ambeka Charan Mazumdar
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) R.N. Mudholker
(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Explanation: R.N. Mudholker presided over the annual session of the Indian National Congress in December 1912. It was during his presidency that the first visible signs of rapprochement between the Congress and the Muslim League began to manifest, as leaders from both sides started sharing platforms.
#1343
Who chaired the Muslim League meeting held in Lucknow on 31st December 1912?
(a) Nawab Salimullah Khan
(b) Agha Khan
(c) Viqar-ul-Mulk
(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
Explanation: The meeting of the All India Muslim League held on December 31, 1912, was conducted under the chairmanship of Agha Khan. This meeting was instrumental in redefining the League's political direction and considering a closer alignment with the broader national movement for self-government.
#1344
Which event in December 1911 significantly contributed to a change in the political stance of Indian Muslims?
(a) Death of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
(b) Revocation of the Partition of Bengal
(c) Outbreak of World War I
(d) The Simla Deputation
Explanation: The annulment or revocation of the Partition of Bengal in December 1911 by the British government was seen as a betrayal by the Muslims. It shook their faith in British promises and forced them to reconsider their loyalist stance, eventually leading them to seek an alliance with the Congress.
#1345
In December 1912, where did prominent Muslim leaders appear on the Congress platform to express a desire for Hindu-Muslim unity?
(a) Lucknow
(b) Cawnpore
(c) Karachi
(d) Calcutta
Explanation: In December 1912, the Cawnpore session of the Congress was a significant milestone where Muslim leaders joined the platform. This event signaled a growing realization that both communities needed to stand side by side to achieve common political goals, paving the way for the historic cooperation seen a few years later.
#1346
Who was the President of the Indian National Congress during the December 1912 session?
(a) Ambeka Charan Mazumdar
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) R.N. Mudholker
(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Explanation: R.N. Mudholker presided over the annual session of the Indian National Congress in December 1912. It was during his presidency that the first visible signs of rapprochement between the Congress and the Muslim League began to manifest, as leaders from both sides started sharing platforms.
#1347
Who chaired the Muslim League meeting held in Lucknow on 31st December 1912?
(a) Nawab Salimullah Khan
(b) Agha Khan
(c) Viqar-ul-Mulk
(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
Explanation: The meeting of the All India Muslim League held on December 31, 1912, was conducted under the chairmanship of Agha Khan. This meeting was instrumental in redefining the League's political direction and considering a closer alignment with the broader national movement for self-government.
#1348
Which event in December 1911 significantly contributed to a change in the political stance of Indian Muslims?
(a) Death of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
(b) Revocation of the Partition of Bengal
(c) Outbreak of World War I
(d) The Simla Deputation
Explanation: The annulment or revocation of the Partition of Bengal in December 1911 by the British government was seen as a betrayal by the Muslims. It shook their faith in British promises and forced them to reconsider their loyalist stance, eventually leading them to seek an alliance with the Congress.
#1349
In which city was the first regular session of the All India Muslim League held in December 1907?
(a) Dhaka
(b) Karachi
(c) Aligarh
(d) Lucknow
Explanation: The first regular session of the All India Muslim League took place in Karachi on December 29th and 30th, 1907. This session was significant for finalizing the party's constitution and formalizing its leadership structure.
#1350
On December 24, 1841, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was appointed to which position in Mainpuri?
(a) Naib Munshi
(b) Munsif
(c) Sadr Amin
(d) Chief Clerk
Explanation: On December 24, 1841, Sir Syed was promoted to the rank of Munsif (Sub-judge) and posted at Mainpuri. This promotion represented a significant step forward in his legal and judicial career within the colonial administration.
#1351
Who had the honor of inaugurating the first session of the All-India Muslim League at Dacca in December 1906?
(a) Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk
(b) Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk
(c) Aga Khan III
(d) Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar
Explanation: The first session of the All-India Muslim League, held in Dacca in December 1906, was inaugurated by Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk, marking a significant milestone in the organized political struggle of Indian Muslims.
#1352
Which leader moved the resolution for the establishment of the All-India Muslim League in December 1906?
(a) Nawab Sir Salimullah
(b) Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk
(c) Syed Amir Ali
(d) Chaudhry Rehmat Ali
Explanation: Nawab Sir Salimullah of Dacca was a pivotal figure who convened the conference of Muslim leaders in December 1906 and moved the resolution to establish the All-India Muslim League.
#1353
Who presided over the inaugural session of the All India Muslim League in December 1906 at Dacca?
(a) Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk
(b) Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk
(c) Aga Khan III
(d) Nawab Salimullah Khan
Explanation: Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk, also known as Mushtaq Hussain Zuberi, presided over the historic meeting in Dacca where the All India Muslim League was officially formed. He was a close associate of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and played a leading role in the Aligarh Movement.
#1354
Who is the current Chairman of the Pakistan Peoples Party (as of 2025)?
(a) Asif Ali Zardari
(b) Bilawal Bhutto Zardari
(c) Bakhtawar Bhutto
(d) Yousaf Raza Gillani
Explanation: Bilawal Bhutto Zardari has been the Chairman of the PPP since 2007, following the assassination of his mother, Benazir Bhutto. He served as the Foreign Minister of Pakistan from 2022 to 2023.
#1355
Which party is currently leading the provincial government in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (as of 2025)?
(a) ANP
(b) JUI-F
(c) PTI (backed by SIC)
(d) PML-N
Explanation: Following the 2024 elections, PTI-backed candidates who joined the SIC formed the provincial government in KP, with Ali Amin Gandapur as the Chief Minister.
#1356
Who is the current Chief of Army Staff (COAS) of Pakistan as of late 2025?
(a) General Qamar Javed Bajwa
(b) General Asim Munir
(c) General Sahir Shamshad Mirza
(d) General Nadeem Anjum
Explanation: General Asim Munir assumed the office of COAS in November 2022, succeeding General Bajwa. His tenure has been marked by a strong emphasis on economic revival through the SIFC and maintaining institutional integrity after the May 9 events.
#1357
In 2024 and 2025, a major point of contention between the government and digital rights activists was the implementation of what technology?
(a) 5G Networks
(b) National Firewall
(c) Digital Rupee
(d) E-Voting Machines
Explanation: The installation of a 'National Firewall' for content filtering and the resulting internet slowdowns became a massive controversy in 2024-2025. Civil society and IT experts argued that it would harm the freelance economy and restricted the right to information and free digital communication.
#1358
Which segment of civil society was most vocal in 2025 regarding the high inflation and cost of living in Pakistan?
(a) Upper-class industrialists
(b) Traders' associations and labor unions
(c) Foreign diplomats
(d) The judiciary
Explanation: In 2024 and 2025, several nationwide strikes (shutter-down strikes) were organized by traders' associations and labor unions to protest high electricity tariffs and rising taxes, showcasing the power of organized economic interest groups in civil society.
#1359
In the context of 2025 digital governance, what does 'E-Governance' mean in Pakistan?
(a) Ruling through Twitter
(b) Digitalization of government services to improve transparency and efficiency
(c) Selling electronics in government offices
(d) A system where only robots can vote
Explanation: E-Governance initiatives in Pakistan (like the Punjab IT Board's projects) aim to reduce the interface between civil servants and the public, thereby reducing corruption and providing better access to documents like driving licenses and land records.
#1360
In 2025, civil society activists expressed concern over the use of which technology for 'facial recognition' in urban areas?
(a) Safe City Projects
(b) Smart Watches
(c) Netflix
(d) Digital Radios
Explanation: Safe City Projects in major cities like Lahore and Islamabad use AI and facial recognition for security. Civil society groups have raised concerns about the lack of a 'Data Protection Law' and the potential for these systems to be used for political surveillance.