#1361

Which city was ranked as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, a point highlighted by local civil society as a model for urban management?

(a) Islamabad

(b) Lahore

(c) Peshawar

(d) Karachi

Explanation: In 2025, Islamabad was recognized as the cleanest city in South Asia. This was celebrated by local environmental groups as a success of urban planning, despite the challenges of rapid urbanization and waste management in the country.

#1362

The 'Niazi vs. State' cases in 2024-2025 involving 'missing' social media activists were primarily handled through which legal writ?

(a) Habeas Corpus

(b) Certiorari

(c) Quo Warranto

(d) Prohibition

Explanation: The writ of Habeas Corpus ('produce the body') is the primary legal tool used by civil society lawyers to demand the release of individuals allegedly abducted by state agencies for their online or political activities.

#1363

What role does 'VPN' (Virtual Private Network) play in Pakistan's media landscape as of 2025?

(a) It is used to watch PTV

(b) It is used by citizens to bypass government-imposed blocks on platforms like X

(c) It is a government software for taxes

(d) It is used for land mapping

Explanation: Following the ban on X (Twitter) in 2024, millions of Pakistanis used VPNs to access the platform. In 2025, the government attempted to register VPNs and block 'unauthorized' ones, leading to further tension with digital rights groups.

#1364

In 2025, Pakistan launched which communication satellite, helping to expand media reach and digital connectivity?

(a) PRSS-2

(b) PakSat-MM1

(c) Badr-C

(d) PakSat-1R

Explanation: PakSat-MM1 was launched in 2025 to boost Pakistan's communication infrastructure. It improves internet speeds and provides high-definition broadcasting capacity, which is essential for the growing digital media sector.

#1365

The 'Niazi' vs. the State narrative in the media during 2024-2025 highlighted the divide between:

(a) Sports and Politics

(b) Pro-PTI digital media vs. the pro-Establishment traditional media

(c) Sindh and Punjab

(d) Religious vs. Secular law

Explanation: The 2024-2025 period saw a deep polarization where mainstream TV channels (regulated by PEMRA) were seen as carrying the state's narrative, while YouTube and X became the primary battlegrounds for the PTI's counter-narrative.

#1366

Which guiding principle of the state was emphasized in 2025 as part of the country's urban management goals?

(a) Building more highways

(b) Environmental protection and cleanliness (Islamabad as a model)

(c) Nationalization of industries

(d) Abolishing local taxes

Explanation: In 2025, Islamabad's ranking as South Asia's cleanest city highlighted a growing focus on environmental protection and sustainable urban management as a guiding principle for municipal and state authorities.

#1367

Which guiding principle was emphasized in the 2024-2025 fiscal policy to address the IMF's $7 billion program requirements?

(a) Increasing subsidies

(b) Fiscal discipline and tax base expansion

(c) Fixed exchange rates

(d) Printing more currency

Explanation: To meet the conditions of the $7 billion IMF EFF program in 2024, Pakistan adopted fiscal discipline and tax base expansion as its primary economic guiding principles to ensure debt sustainability and macroeconomic stability.

#1368

What is the primary diplomatic challenge Pakistan faces regarding the interim Afghan government as of late 2025?

(a) Dispute over transit trade fees

(b) Cross-border terrorism and TTP safe havens

(c) Water sharing of the Kunar river

(d) Recognition of the Taliban cabinet

Explanation: The most persistent challenge in Pak-Afghan relations is the surge in cross-border attacks by the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). Despite repeated high-level engagements, the Afghan interim government's reluctance to take decisive action against these safe havens remains a major source of friction and a priority for Pakistan's national security and foreign policy.

#1369

Pakistan was elected to which prestigious body for the 2025-2026 term, enhancing its voice on global security issues?

(a) UN Human Rights Council

(b) Non-permanent member of the UN Security Council

(c) President of the General Assembly

(d) Head of the IMF

Explanation: In June 2024, Pakistan secured a non-permanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2025-2026 term. This platform allows Pakistan to advocate for its stance on Kashmir, international counter-terrorism, and the rights of the Global South, particularly regarding climate justice.

#1370

In 2024-2025, Pakistan's relationship with India remained 'frozen' primarily due to which condition set by Islamabad?

(a) The return of Junagadh

(b) The restoration of Article 370 in Jammu and Kashmir

(c) A formal apology for the 1971 war

(d) An increase in water flow in the Ravi river

Explanation: Pakistan has maintained that no formal bilateral dialogue or trade can resume with India until New Delhi revisits its August 5, 2019 decision that revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir. India's refusal to discuss this internal matter has led to a prolonged diplomatic stalemate.

#1371

Which specific issue regarding the 'Indus Waters Treaty' became a point of diplomatic tension with India in 2023-2025?

(a) India's attempt to modify the treaty unilaterally

(b) Pakistan's decision to leave the treaty

(c) The construction of a dam on the Kabul river

(d) The pollution of the Arabian Sea

Explanation: In 2023, India issued a notice to Pakistan seeking to 'modify' the 1960 treaty following disputes over the Kishanganga and Ratle hydroelectric projects. Pakistan views any unilateral modification as a threat to its water security, and the matter is currently being debated in the Court of Arbitration at The Hague.

#1372

The launch of which multi-mission satellite in 2025 was a milestone in Pak-China space cooperation?

(a) Badr-1

(b) PakSat-MM1

(c) Paksat-1R

(d) PRSS-1

Explanation: PakSat-MM1 was launched in 2025 to boost Pakistan's digital infrastructure. This collaboration with China is part of a broader foreign policy strategy to modernize technology and communication through strategic partnerships, reducing reliance on Western satellite providers.

#1373

The implementation of which digital infrastructure in 2024-2025 caused international and domestic concern regarding Pakistan's digital freedom?

(a) 5G technology

(b) National Firewall for content filtering

(c) A new E-Passport system

(d) Blockchain banking

Explanation: The installation of a 'National Firewall' to monitor and filter internet traffic sparked concerns from the IT industry, foreign tech giants, and digital rights groups. The resulting internet slowdowns were seen as a challenge to Pakistan's 'Look Digital' foreign policy goals and its attractiveness for global freelancers.

#1374

What is the primary challenge to the Iran-Pakistan (IP) gas pipeline as of late 2025?

(a) Lack of gas in Iran

(b) US sanctions and the threat of international penalties

(c) Technical failure of the pipes

(d) Opposition from China

Explanation: While Iran has completed its side of the pipeline, Pakistan faces the threat of heavy US sanctions if it proceeds. Simultaneously, Iran has threatened to take Pakistan to international arbitration for failing to complete its portion, leaving Islamabad in a difficult diplomatic and legal 'catch-22'.

#1375

Pakistan's stance on the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2024-2025 has been characterized by:

(a) Full support for Russia

(b) Principled neutrality and abstention from UN resolutions condemning Russia

(c) Joining the NATO coalition

(d) Cutting all ties with Ukraine

Explanation: Pakistan has maintained a neutral stance, calling for a peaceful resolution through dialogue. While it has abstained from UN votes against Russia, it has continued to engage with both Moscow (for wheat and oil) and Kyiv (for defense and trade), reflecting a pragmatic 'bilateralist' approach.

#1376

Which city was ranked as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, boosting Pakistan's international image in urban diplomacy?

(a) Lahore

(b) Islamabad

(c) Karachi

(d) Quetta

Explanation: Islamabad was declared the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025 by various environmental monitoring agencies. This achievement has been used by the government to project a 'Green Pakistan' image to international climate forums and potential investors.

#1377

Which country remains Pakistan's largest single-country export destination as of late 2025?

(a) China

(b) United States

(c) United Kingdom

(d) Germany

Explanation: Despite being a close strategic partner of China, Pakistan's economy remains heavily reliant on the US market, particularly for its textile and leather exports. Maintaining this market share while managing political differences with Washington is a core economic diplomacy challenge.

#1378

In 2025, Pakistan and ______ signed a 'Joint Maritime Security' agreement to combat piracy and smuggling in the Arabian Sea.

(a) India

(b) Iran

(c) Saudi Arabia

(d) China

Explanation: Given the shared maritime border and the common threat of narcotics smuggling and piracy, Pakistan and Iran have stepped up maritime cooperation. This is part of the de-escalation and normalization process after the January 2024 border tensions.

#1379

Which international body's President visited Pakistan in early 2025 to discuss the 'Sustainable Development Goals' (SDGs)?

(a) World Bank

(b) UN General Assembly

(c) NATO

(d) Interpol

Explanation: The President of the UNGA visited Pakistan to acknowledge its progress on SDGs and its role in UN peacekeeping. Pakistan is consistently among the top troop contributors to UN missions, which is a major component of its 'soft power' foreign policy.

#1380

A major security challenge to CPEC Phase II in 2024-2025 has been:

(a) The lack of electricity

(b) Terrorist attacks on Chinese engineers and projects by BLA and TTP

(c) China's bankruptcy

(d) India joining CPEC

Explanation: Targeted attacks on Chinese nationals, such as the Besham attack in March 2024, have led Beijing to demand stricter security measures. Ensuring the safety of foreign workers is a critical foreign policy and security challenge for the Pakistani state.

December 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions