December 2025 Edition
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December 2025 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions
Top national & international current affairs questions for CSS, PMS, FPSC, PPSC, and NTS screening tests.
#1421
In early 2025, which city hosted the 'Pak-Iran Digital Investment Summit'?
(a) Beijing
(b) Islamabad
(c) Shenzhen
(d) Tehran
Explanation: Islamabad hosted the summit to explore venture capital and startup opportunities between the two nations. The event focused on leveraging the youth bulge in both countries to drive innovation in the digital sphere.
#1422
Which Pakistani official visited Tehran in early 2025 to discuss 'Azm-e-Istehkam' and regional security?
(a) The Chief of Army Staff (COAS)
(b) The Education Minister
(c) The Mayor of Lahore
(d) The head of NADRA
Explanation: High-level military-to-military engagement is a constant in the relationship. The COAS or senior military leadership frequently visits Tehran to coordinate on counter-terrorism and ensure that the border remains a bridge rather than a point of conflict.
#1423
What is the current status of the U.S. as a trading partner for Pakistan in the 2024-2025 fiscal period?
(a) It is the 5th largest partner
(b) It is the largest single-country export destination for Pakistan
(c) It has been replaced by China in all trade
(d) Trade has been suspended since 2021
Explanation: The United States remains Pakistan's largest single-country export market, particularly for textiles, leather, and IT services. Maintaining this economic link is a vital component of Pakistan's 'Geo-economic' strategy, even as the two nations navigate strategic differences over regional security.
#1424
The 'Special Investment Facilitation Council' (SIFC) in Pakistan has sought to engage U.S. investors primarily in which sector in 2025?
(a) Defense
(b) Information Technology and Minerals
(c) Textile manufacturing only
(d) Nuclear energy
Explanation: The SIFC is a hybrid forum intended to attract foreign investment. In late 2024 and 2025, Pakistan actively pitched projects in IT, green energy, and the mining of critical minerals to U.S. companies, seeking to shift the bilateral relationship from 'aid' to 'investment-based' partnership.
#1425
In 2025, the U.S. remains a key partner for Pakistan in the eradication of which disease?
(a) Malaria
(b) Polio
(c) Dengue
(d) Scurvy
Explanation: Through agencies like USAID and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the U.S. provides extensive funding and technical support for Pakistan's Polio Eradication Program. This 'health diplomacy' is a consistent and non-controversial part of the bilateral relationship.
#1426
Which Pakistani city hosted the 'U.S.-Pakistan Digital Investment Summit' in early 2025?
(a) Karachi
(b) Islamabad
(c) Lahore
(d) Silicon Valley (USA)
Explanation: Islamabad hosted the Digital Investment Summit in 2025 to showcase Pakistan's tech startup ecosystem to American venture capitalists. The event highlighted the growing exports of Pakistani software to the U.S. market, which reached over $1 billion in annual revenue.
#1427
Which Pakistani city was declare as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, a point of pride often mentioned in U.S.-Pakistan urban development forums?
(a) Lahore
(b) Islamabad
(c) Peshawar
(d) Karachi
Explanation: Islamabad was ranked as the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025. This achievement was highlighted in environmental forums where the U.S. provides technical assistance for waste management and 'Green City' initiatives.
#1428
In 2025, what is the 'One-Word' shift in Pakistan's foreign policy doctrine that the U.S. has cautiously welcomed?
(a) Militarization
(b) Geo-economics
(c) Isolationism
(d) Communalism
Explanation: Pakistan's shift toward 'Geo-economics' means it wants to prioritize trade and transit connectivity over regional power politics. The U.S. supports this vision as it promotes regional stability and offers an alternative to the purely security-centric narrative of the past.
#1429
The 'Cyber Security' cooperation between the U.S. and Pakistan in 2024-2025 focuses on protecting which sector?
(a) Social media accounts
(b) Financial institutions and critical infrastructure
(c) Online gaming
(d) Movie theaters
Explanation: With the rise of digital threats, the U.S. has provided training to Pakistani officials and banking professionals on defending against cyber-attacks. This is part of the broader 'Digital Pakistan' initiative supported by American tech expertise.
#1430
In early 2025, Pakistan and Russia discussed cooperation in which new high-tech sector during a joint commission meeting?
(a) Renewable Energy
(b) Space Exploration and Satellite Technology
(c) Automobile manufacturing
(d) Textile dyes
Explanation: As of 2025, the Pak-Russia relationship has expanded into space cooperation. Both nations are exploring joint ventures in satellite technology and sharing data for disaster management and climate monitoring, moving beyond the traditional energy and defense sectors.
#1431
Which Pakistani city was declared as South Asia's cleanest city in 2025, a point of discussion in regional environmental forums attended by Russia?
(a) Islamabad
(b) Lahore
(c) Peshawar
(d) Karachi
Explanation: Islamabad secured the top spot as the cleanest city in South Asia in 2025. This achievement has been highlighted in various regional forums as a model for urban sustainability and green governance.
#1432
What is the name of the Russian-built multi-mission satellite technology being discussed with Pakistan in 2025?
(a) Sputnik-P
(b) PakSat-MM2
(c) Glonass Coordination
(d) Soyuz Link
Explanation: In 2025, Pakistan and Russia have discussed the integration and use of GLONASS (Russian Global Navigation Satellite System) for civilian applications in Pakistan, including transport, agriculture, and urban planning.
#1433
Which organization's 2024-2025 strategy focuses on 'Geo-economics,' aligning with Russia's 'Greater Eurasian Partnership'?
(a) NATO
(b) SCO
(c) G7
(d) IMF
Explanation: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is the primary vehicle for the 'Geo-economic' shift in the region. Both Pakistan and Russia use this forum to promote connectivity, trade, and regional stability independent of Western influence.
#1434
In 2025, which Pakistani official visited Moscow to finalize the 'Long-term Oil Supply Agreement'?
(a) Minister of Petroleum
(b) Chief of Army Staff
(c) Minister of Finance
(d) Foreign Minister
Explanation: The Minister of Petroleum visited Moscow in early 2025 to transition from 'spot' purchases of crude oil to a structured, long-term supply agreement. This is intended to provide Pakistan with predictable energy prices and energy security.
#1435
Which Russian airline discussed resuming direct flights to Pakistan in 2025 to boost trade and tourism?
(a) Emirates
(b) Aeroflot
(c) Lufthansa
(d) British Airways
Explanation: In 2025, talks were held regarding Aeroflot resuming direct flights between Moscow and Islamabad/Karachi. Restoring direct air links is seen as a prerequisite for increasing business travel and people-to-people exchanges.
#1436
What is the primary 'Geoeconomic' challenge for Pak-Russia trade as of 2025?
(a) Lack of demand
(b) Absence of efficient banking channels due to sanctions
(c) No common language
(d) Difference in time zones
Explanation: The primary hurdle for trade is the international banking sanctions on Russia. Both nations have discussed using local currencies or 'Barter Trade' (e.g., rice for oil) to circumvent these challenges and maintain commercial momentum.
#1437
Which Pakistani official visited Moscow in early 2025 to discuss 'Global Stability'?
(a) The President
(b) The Foreign Minister
(c) The Chief of Army Staff (COAS)
(d) The Prime Minister
Explanation: The Foreign Minister visited Moscow in February 2025 for a strategic dialogue. The talks covered the Palestine situation, Afghanistan, and the role of the SCO in promoting a multi-polar world order.
#1438
In 2025, Russia and Pakistan celebrated how many years of diplomatic relations?
(a) 50 years
(b) 77 years
(c) 100 years
(d) 25 years
Explanation: Having established ties in 1948, 2025 marks the 77th anniversary of diplomatic relations. The year saw various cultural and academic events to highlight the historical journey from Cold War rivals to strategic partners.
#1439
Which international body's 'Nuclear' monitoring did Pakistan and Russia discuss in 2025?
(a) WHO
(b) IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
(c) UNESCO
(d) NASA
Explanation: Pakistan and Russia coordinate their stances in the IAEA, particularly regarding the peaceful use of nuclear energy and the safety standards for civilian nuclear power plants like Chashma and Karachi.
#1440
In 2024-2025, Russia has been a major supplier of which fuel to Pakistan, apart from crude oil?
(a) Solar panels
(b) Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
(c) Wood
(d) Coal
Explanation: While crude oil makes headlines, Russia is also exploring long-term LNG supply contracts with Pakistan to help address the country's severe natural gas shortages during the winter months.