#181

Which specific recommendations regarding corporate governance were diluted by the Narayan Murthy Committee in its October 2004 revision?

(a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

(b) (i), (ii) and (iii)

(c) (i), (ii) and (iv)

(d) (i) and (iii)

Explanation: The Narayan Murthy Committee, established by SEBI, provided significant recommendations for corporate governance in India. In the 2004 revision, the committee opted to make several previously mandatory requirements optional or diluted them to ease compliance burdens for companies. These included adjustments to director independence criteria, whistleblower policies, performance evaluation standards for non-executive directors, and the mandate for training non-executive directors.

#182

Section 111A applies to Short Term Capital Gains (STCG) arising from the transfer of which assets on or after October 1, 2004, on a recognized stock exchange, provided Securities Transaction Tax (STT) is paid?

(a) Preference shares

(b) Zero coupon bonds

(c) Units of debt oriented mutual fund

(d) Units of business trust

Explanation: Section 111A provides a concessional tax rate for STCG on the transfer of equity shares in a company or units of an equity-oriented fund or units of a business trust, provided the transaction is subject to STT. The inclusion of units of a business trust aligns with the legislative amendments made to the Income Tax Act to encourage investment in infrastructure and real estate trusts.

#183

Which system, introduced on a trial basis in January 2020 and mandated from October 2020 for businesses with an annual turnover exceeding Rs. 100 crore, requires the electronic reporting of invoices?

(a) e-way bill system

(b) business system

(c) e-invoicing system

(d) e-commerce system

Explanation: The e-invoicing system was introduced by the government to standardize the reporting of business-to-business (B2B) invoices. By requiring large taxpayers to upload invoice details to the Invoice Registration Portal (IRP), the government aims to reduce tax evasion and simplify the compliance process for GST reporting.

#184

Who served as the Viceroy of India during the partition of the Province of Bengal in October 1905?

(a) Curzon

(b) Rippon

(c) Lytton

(d) Mayo

Explanation: Lord Curzon served as the Viceroy of India from 1899 to 1905. During his tenure, he implemented the partition of Bengal in October 1905, citing administrative efficiency as the primary reason. This decision significantly impacted the political landscape of the subcontinent, leading to widespread protests and the Swadeshi movement, eventually influencing the trajectory of the independence movement and the eventual formation of Pakistan.

#185

How should the goal 'Complete basement remodel by October 1 to provide extra bedroom for exchange student' be classified?

(a) A problem-solving goal

(b) An innovative goal

(c) none

(d) An essential goal

Explanation: This goal is categorized as a problem-solving goal because it identifies a specific deficiency—the lack of adequate housing space for an exchange student—and proposes a concrete, time-bound project to rectify that situation. By remodeling the basement, the individual is actively resolving a logistical challenge.

#186

In October 1971, which nation was granted a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council?

(a) Russia

(b) America

(c) China

(d) France

Explanation: For many years, the United States and its allies blocked the People's Republic of China from holding the permanent seat on the UN Security Council, favoring the Republic of China (Taiwan). However, in October 1971, the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 2758, which recognized the representatives of the People's Republic of China as the only legitimate representatives of China to the United Nations, thereby granting them the permanent seat.

#187

Which international convention related to weapons of mass destruction did Pakistan sign on October 28, 1997?

(a) Chemical Weapons convention

(b) Missile Technology convention

(c) Nuclear Weapons convention

(d) none of these

Explanation: Pakistan signed the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) in 1997, committing to the prohibition of the development, production, acquisition, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons. This treaty is monitored by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). By signing, Pakistan aligned itself with the global consensus against the use of toxic chemicals as weapons of war.

#188

Which military operation was launched by the United States and the Northern Alliance on October 7, 2001, marking the beginning of the war in Afghanistan?

(a) Operation New Dawn

(b) Operation Panther’s Claw

(c) Operation Enduring Freedom

(d) Operation Strike of sword

Explanation: Operation Enduring Freedom was the official name used by the U.S. government for the military campaign in Afghanistan that began on October 7, 2001. This operation was initiated in response to the September 11 terrorist attacks, with the primary objectives of dismantling the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization and removing the Taliban regime from power in Afghanistan due to its support for Al-Qaeda.

#189

By late October 1947, what were the outcomes of the tribal-led rebellion in Kashmir following the unrest of August and September?

(a) all of these

(b) capturing several towns

(c) advancing within four miles of the capital, Srinagar

(d) massacring large number of civilians

Explanation: The rebellion in Kashmir, fueled by local unrest and supported by tribal forces from the North-West Frontier Province, escalated rapidly. By late October 1947, these forces had captured various towns and advanced significantly toward Srinagar, the capital, causing widespread instability and civilian casualties, which ultimately prompted the Maharaja to seek military assistance from India.

#190

What is the term for the first six-monthly crop inspection conducted in the month of October?

(a) Kharif Girdawri

(b) Both B and C

(c) Rabbi Girdawri

(d) Zaid Girdawri

Explanation: In the agricultural revenue system of Pakistan, Girdawari refers to the inspection of crops. The Kharif crop is sown in summer and harvested in autumn, with the inspection typically occurring in October. Conversely, the Rabi crop is inspected later in the spring. Therefore, the October inspection is specifically identified as the Kharif Girdawari.

#191

For what duration was the Muhammad Ali Formula debated by the Constituent Assembly in October?

(a) 10 days

(b) 15 days

(c) 12 days

(d) 13 days

Explanation: The Muhammad Ali Bogra Formula was a significant attempt to resolve the deadlock regarding representation in Pakistan's early constitutional history. When presented to the Constituent Assembly in October 1953, the proposal underwent intense scrutiny and deliberation. Historical records indicate that the assembly members engaged in a thorough debate over the formula for exactly 13 days before moving toward further legislative processes.

#192

Following the Governor-General's dissolution of the first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan on October 24, 1954, Maulvi Tamiz-ud-Din Khan filed a legal challenge. Under which specific section of the Government of India Act, 1935, was this writ petition filed?

(a) 224-A of the Government of India Act, 1935

(b) 225-A of the Government of India Act, 1935

(c) 228-A of the Government of India Act, 1935

(d) 223-A of the Government of India Act, 1935

Explanation: Maulvi Tamiz-ud-Din Khan filed a writ petition in the Sindh Chief Court challenging the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly. He invoked Section 223-A of the Government of India Act, 1935, which had been inserted by the Constituent Assembly to empower High Courts to issue prerogative writs. This case, known as the Tamizuddin Khan case, became a landmark constitutional dispute regarding the limits of executive power in early Pakistan.

#193

Following the assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan in October 1951, Ghulam Muhammad assumed the role of Governor-General; who was subsequently appointed as the new Prime Minister?

(a) Khawaja Nazim-ud-Din

(b) Chaudhry Zafarullah Khan

(c) Ghulam Muhammad

(d) Fazal-ur-Rehman

Explanation: After the tragic assassination of Pakistan's first Prime Minister, Liaquat Ali Khan, in 1951, Khawaja Nazim-ud-Din, who was serving as the Governor-General, stepped down from that role to become the Prime Minister. Ghulam Muhammad, who was the Finance Minister, was then appointed as the new Governor-General, setting the stage for future executive-legislative conflicts.

#194

During the month of October, for how many days did the Constituent Assembly engage in the formal debate regarding the Muhammad Ali Formula?

(a) 15 days

(b) 12 days

(c) 10 days

(d) 13 days

Explanation: The Muhammad Ali Formula was a critical proposal aimed at resolving the deadlock over representation in the federal legislature. The Constituent Assembly dedicated 13 days in October to debating this formula. The discussions were intense, reflecting the difficulty of balancing the interests of the various provinces and the two wings of the country. Despite the extensive debate, the formula was eventually overtaken by the political events that led to the assembly's dissolution.

#195

Following the assassination of Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan in October 1951, who was appointed as his successor to the office of Prime Minister?

(a) Khawaja Nazim-ud-Din

(b) Fazal-ur-Rehman

(c) Ghulam Muhammad

(d) Ch.Zafarullah Khan

Explanation: Upon the assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan, the Governor-General Khawaja Nazim-ud-Din resigned from his position to become the Prime Minister of Pakistan. Ghulam Muhammad, who was the Finance Minister at the time, was subsequently appointed as the new Governor-General, marking a significant shift in the political leadership of the early Pakistani state.

#196

In which year did the Yom Kippur War, also referred to as the October War, take place?

(a) 1978

(b) 1965

(d) 1973

Explanation: The Yom Kippur War was fought in October 1973 between a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel. The conflict began when the Arab coalition launched a surprise attack on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur. The war had significant geopolitical consequences, including the 1973 oil crisis and subsequent diplomatic shifts in the Middle East.

#197

Dr. Asif Mahmood was elected as the chair of which United States federal body in 2026?

(a) United States Commission on International Religious Freedom

(b) United States Commission on Civil Rights

(c) United States Commission on Human Rights

(d) None of these

Explanation: Dr. Asif Mahmood was elected chair of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) for the 2026-27 term. The other options represent different federal commissions that do not focus specifically on the international religious freedom mandate. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2017231/pakistan-origin-physician-asif-mahmood-elected-chair-of-us-commission-on-religious-freedom, 21 Jul 2026]

#198

Who was elected as the vice chair of the USCIRF alongside Dr. Asif Mahmood for the 2026-27 term?

(a) CeCe Heil

(b) Hakeem Jeffries

(c) Kamala Harris

(d) None of these

Explanation: The USCIRF announced the unanimous election of Dr. Asif Mahmood as chair and CeCe Heil as vice chair for the 2026-27 term. The other individuals mentioned are political figures not serving in this specific commission role. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2017231/pakistan-origin-physician-asif-mahmood-elected-chair-of-us-commission-on-religious-freedom, 21 Jul 2026]

#199

Consider the following statements about Dr. Asif Mahmood: 1. He has served as a member of the Medical Board of California. 2. He was elected chair of the USCIRF for the 2026-27 term. 3. He has lived in California since 1999. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) All three

Explanation: All three statements are factually correct. Dr. Mahmood is a two-term member of the Medical Board of California, was elected chair of the USCIRF in 2026, and has resided in California since 1999. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2017231/pakistan-origin-physician-asif-mahmood-elected-chair-of-us-commission-on-religious-freedom, 21 Jul 2026]

#200

Saadia Zahidi was appointed as the Director General of which international organization on July 24, 2026?

(a) World Economic Forum

(b) International Air Transport Association

(c) International Civil Aviation Organization

(d) World Trade Organization

Explanation: Saadia Zahidi was appointed to lead the International Air Transport Association (IATA). While she previously worked at the World Economic Forum, that is not the organization she was appointed to lead as Director General. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2017986/pakistan-origin-saadia-zahidi-to-lead-international-air-transport-association, 24 Jul 2026]

October 2026 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions